Spatial-temporal variability of aerosol sources based on chemical composition and particle number size distributions in
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Spatial-temporal variability of aerosol sources based on chemical composition and particle number size distributions in an urban settlement influenced by metallurgical industry Petra Pokorná 1 & Cecilia Leoni 2 & Jaroslav Schwarz 1 & Jakub Ondráček 1 & Lucie Ondráčková 1 & Petr Vodička 1 & Naděžda Zíková 1 & Pavel Moravec 1 & Jan Bendl 3 & Miroslav Klán 3 & Jan Hovorka 3 & Yongjing Zhao 4 & Steven S. Cliff 4 & Vladimír Ždímal 1 & Philip K. Hopke 5,6 Received: 19 January 2020 / Accepted: 11 June 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The Moravian-Silesian region of the Czech Republic with its capital city Ostrava is a European air pollution hot spot for airborne particulate matter (PM). Therefore, the spatiotemporal variability assessment of source contributions to aerosol particles is essential for the successful abatement strategies implementation. Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) was applied to highlytime resolved PM0.15–1.15 chemical composition (1 h resolution) and particle number size distribution (PNSD, 14 nm – 10 μm) data measured at the suburban (Ostrava-Plesná) and urban (Ostrava-Radvanice) residential receptor sites in parallel during an intensive winter campaign. Diel patterns, meteorological variables, inorganic and organic markers, and associations between the chemical composition factors and PNSD factors were used to identify the pollution sources and their origins (local, urban agglomeration and regional). The source apportionment analysis resolved six and four PM0.15–1.15 sources in Plesná and Radvanice, respectively. In Plesná, local residential combustion sources (coal and biomass combustion) followed by regional combustion sources (residential heating, metallurgical industry) were the main contributors to PM0.15–1.15. In Radvanice, local residential combustion and the metallurgical industry were the most important PM0.15–1.15 sources. Aitken and accumulation mode particles emitted by local residential combustion sources along with common urban sources (residential heating, industry and traffic) were the main contributors to the particle number concentration (PNC) in Plesná. Additionally, accumulation mode particles from local residential combustion sources and regional pollution dominated the particle volume concentration (PVC). In Radvanice, local industrial sources were the major contributors to PNC and local coal combustion was the main contributor to PVC. The source apportionment results from the complementary datasets elucidated the relevance of highly time-resolved Main finding The source apportionment results using complementary datasets elucidated the relevance of highly time-resolved parallel measurements given the variable local meteorology with the possibility of replication at any receptor. Responsible editor: Gerhard Lammel Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-09694-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Petra Pokorná pok
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