Spectral, Dosimetric, and Metrological Characteristics of Radiochromic Radiation-Sensitive Compositions
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IONIZING RADIATION MEASUREMENTS SPECTRAL, DOSIMETRIC, AND METROLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF RADIOCHROMIC RADIATION-SENSITIVE COMPOSITIONS V. P. Tenishev
UDC 006.91:539.14 + 664:539.1.047:539.1.04 + 621.039.83
Questions of ensuring radiation safety during irradiation of equipment in the medical, agricultural, and foodstuffs industry are discussed. Means for measuring absorbed dose of ionizing radiation are examined. It is shown that the currently existing means of measuring absorbed dose in the Russian Federation are inadequate. The spectral, dosimetric, and metrological characteristics of radiation-sensitive compositions are studied for the purpose of developing new means of measurement of absorbed dose based on them. The feasibility of new film dosimetric systems based on these means of measurement is demonstrated, along with an expanded range of absorbed doses, including low doses of 300–1000 Gy. Keywords: absorbed dose, ionizing radiation, radiation-sensitive composition, radiation-sensitive film, optical density.
Introduction. For guaranteed attainment of regulation values of ionizing radiation effects, high accuracy dosimetry is required during processing in the food, agricultural, and medical industries with ionizing radiation over a wide range of absorbed dose D for constructing a chart of the distribution of D over the entire volume of the irradiated production [1, 2] (GOST ISO 11137-2011, “Sterilization of medical production. Radiation sterilization,” GOST ISO 14470-2014, “Radiation processing of food products. Specifications for the development, validation, and daily monitoring of the process of irradiating food products with ionizing radiation,” GOST R ISO/ASTM 51900-2013, “Guidelines for dosimetry in research on the effect of radiation on food and agricultural products”). To ensure radiation safety and the attainment of specified technical goals, corresponding parameters of radiation technology devices (RTD) have been established for controlling radiation effects. The range of D during irradiation of a workpiece must correspond to standard specifications prescribed in the technical regulations for irradiation of a particular workpiece. Control of the irradiation process is based on establishing the relationship between absorbed dose and the parameters of an RTD: – exposure time, position in the source path (for an RTD with isotropic radionuclide sources); – accelerator voltage and current of a beam, scan width and uniformity; – speed at which the irradiated object is transported relative to an electron beam (for RTD with electron acceleration). The value and distribution of the absorbed dose are determined by using a dosimetric system with a suitable level of accuracy and regularity. Standard samples of an approved type based on colored radiation sensitive films (referred to as films below) developed at VNIIFTRI are currently used in radiation technologies for dosimetry in Russia. The standard samples are traceable to the National Primary Special Standard of the unit of absorbed dose power of intense p
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