Spectroscopic, Structural, Thermal, and Mechanical Properties of B 2 O 3 -CeO 2 -PbO 2 Glasses
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Spectroscopic, Structural, Thermal, and Mechanical Properties of B2O3‑CeO2‑PbO2 Glasses A. F. Abd El‑Rehim1,2 · Atif Mossad Ali1,3 · H. Y. Zahran1,2 · I. S. Yahia1,2 · Kh. S. Shaaban4 Received: 9 September 2020 / Accepted: 19 October 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The melt-quenching method has been used to fabricate a PbO2–B2O3–CeO2 glass system. The XRD diffractometer procedure was used to check the status of these samples. It can be concluded, from the X-ray diffraction curves, that the tested samples have high levels of glassiness. As the CeO2 concentration increased most of the [BO4] are converted into [BO3] structural units with the formation of non-bridging oxygen ions in the borate matrix. It can be cross verified with the decrease of the N4 fraction from 0.654 to 0.239. This decrease may be attributed to the formation of [ CeO7] structural units that needs more oxygen atoms. The ultrasonic velocities of the prepared glasses are decreased with the increase of C eO2 content. Different types of elastic modules were evaluated (experimental and theoretical) for the prepared glasses are increases with the increase of CeO2 content. Glass transition temperature ( Tg), crystallization temperature ( Tc), the peak of crystallization temperature (Tp) and thermal stability values decreases with the increase of CeO2 content. The refractive index of these samples is increasing with the increase in the reflection and the density. Keywords CeO2 · Mechanical · Optical · Polarizability · Thermal
1 Introduction Glass is a highly transparent, amorphous material and it is melting of an inorganic component without crystallization. High-performance borate glasses for various applications are used. These samples offer improved electrical conduction, glass formation, and temperature adjustment as compared to their binary system, which is the most suitable for solid-state batteries, low melting, and nonlinear optics [1].
* Atif Mossad Ali [email protected] * Kh. S. Shaaban [email protected] 1
Physics Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
2
Physics Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, P.O. Box 5101, Roxy, Heliopolis, Cairo 11771, Egypt
3
Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
4
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, P.O. 71452, Assiut, Egypt
B2O3 glass samples are strong glass-forming, upon doped with PbO2 [2–5]. The classical of (B2O3–PbO2) glasses have great potentials because it can be used instead of lead in the fabrication. Lead borate ( B2O3–PbO2) glasses containing CeO2 its mechanical and thermal properties are outstanding. Glasses of heavy metal oxide (HMO), includes about 50 mol of a heavy metal cation percent, (HMO) like CdO, M oO3, Fe2O3, Bi2O3, Ga2O3, BaO, and PbO. These glasses have photon energy smaller than other glasses, and a higher refractive index. Therefore, the HMO glasses are tr
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