Spider web-like carbonized bacterial cellulose/MoSe 2 nanocomposite with enhanced microwave attenuation performance and
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angsu Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Engineering Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China 2 Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China © Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020 Received: 23 June 2020 / Revised: 7 September 2020 / Accepted: 9 September 2020
ABSTRACT It is essential to manufacture microwave absorbers with strong absorption as well as tunable absorption bands at a low filler content. However, it remains challenging for pure biomass material to reach this goal without loading other components. MoSe2, as a transition metal chalcogenide with semiconductor properties, has emerged as a potential microwave absorber filler. Herein, bacterial cellulose (BC)-derived carbon nanofibers/MoSe2 nanocomposite was fabricated and phosphoric acid was used to dope phosphorus in BC, in which MoSe2 microspheres were dropped on the BC network like a dew-covered spider web. This unique network structure enhances conductive loss and multiple reflections of the incident wave. The collocation of BC and MoSe2 is helpful to impedance match and introduces interfacial/dipolar polarization loss; moreover, the P-doping of BC helps to tune the absorption bands. Overall, the optimal reflection loss of undoped one reaches −53.33 dB with only 20 wt.% filler content, whose main absorption peaks focus on X-band. Interestingly, after the P-doping of BC, the main absorption peaks move to Ku-band and the optimal reflection loss gets stronger (−66.84 dB) with the same filler loading. Strong absorption and tunable absorption bands can be realized, and thus wide frequency range is covered. This work is expected to enlighten future exploration of biomass carbon materials on high-performance microwave absorption materials.
KEYWORDS bacterial cellulose, MoSe2, network structure, P-doped carbon, tunable absorption band
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Introduction
Stealth technology has considerable application in the military field, which can prevent military targets from being detected. Various electronic equipment has improved the efficiency of society and also caused harmful electromagnetic radiation [1]. Therefore, microwave (MW) absorption materials not only have a strategic position in the military but also become more and more significant in civilian use. The MW absorbers maximize the entrance of MW by good impedance match and then attenuate it by dielectric and magnetic loss [2, 3]. Different kinds of materials, such as graphene, MXenes, magnetic metals, metallic oxide, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), etc. are widely applied in MW absorption fields [4–8]. Currently, developing MW absorbers based on biomass materials is a new direction of utilization of biomass resources, and getting satisfied MW attenuation performance and tunable absorption bands is a challenge. Compared with traditional carbon materials, biomass-based carbon has
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