Spinal Evolution Morphology, Function, and Pathology of the Spine in

The vertebral spine is a key element of the human anatomy. Its main role is to protect the spinal cord and the main blood vessels. The axial skeleton, with its muscles and joints, provides stability for the attachment of the head, tail and limbs and, at t

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al Evolution

Morphology, Function, and Pathology of the Spine in Hominoid Evolution

Spinal Evolution

Ella Been  •  Asier Gómez-Olivencia Patricia Ann Kramer Editors

Spinal Evolution Morphology, Function, and Pathology of the Spine in Hominoid Evolution

Editors Ella Been Department of Sports Therapy Faculty of Health Professions Ono Academic College Kiryat Ono, Israel Department of Anatomy and Anthropology

Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv, Israel Patricia Ann Kramer

Departments of Anthropology and Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine University of Washington Seattle, WA, USA

Asier Gómez-Olivencia Departamento de Estratigrafía y Paleontología Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU) Leioa, Spain IKERBASQUE Basque Foundation for Science Bilbao, Spain Centro Mixto UCM-ISCIII de Evolución y Comportamiento Humanos Avda. Monforte de Lemos

Madrid, Spain

ISBN 978-3-030-19348-5    ISBN 978-3-030-19349-2 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19349-2 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland

Foreword

Since the publication of J. T. Robinson’s Early Hominid Posture and Locomotion in 1972, there hasn’t been such a comprehensive, detailed analysis of the hominid vertebral column as in this splendid volume. True, this topic has attracted much attention in highly regarded publications (see, e.g., Aiello and Dean’s An Introduction to Human Evolutionary Anatomy [1990] and Cartmill and Smith’s The Human Lineage [2009]), but in most cases, the discussion either constitutes part of a broad treatment of human anatomy and its evolution, is focused on a specific structure, or simp