Stabilization of Expansive Clayey Soil with Alkali Activated Binders
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Stabilization of Expansive Clayey Soil with Alkali Activated Binders Mazhar Syed . Anasua GuhaRay
. Arkamitra Kar
Received: 2 November 2018 / Accepted: 6 July 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Expansive soil is predominantly impervious and exhibits dual nature (swelling/shrinkage) when exposed to moisture fluctuation. It is difficult to control the heave action which renders the loss of mechanical strength of such soils. The present study emphasizes on the stabilization of black cotton soil (BCS) using envirosafe alkali-activated binders (AAB) instead of traditional cement-based binders. Mineralogical and microstructural characterization for both untreated BCS and AAB-treated BCS are performed through X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The influences of varying percentages of AAB at different curing periods are investigated through index and shear strength properties of treated BCS. The binder treatment shows a significant improvement in geoengineering properties and aids in enhancing the CBR and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) values of BCS. The reduction in swelling and plasticity index is attributed to mineral alteration due to treatment of BCS with AAB. This study may prove to be very effective in devising an economic technique to address the problems associated with BCS.
M. Syed A. GuhaRay (&) A. Kar Civil Engineering Department, BITS-Pilani Hyderabad, Secunderabad 500078, India e-mail: [email protected]
Keywords Expansive soil Alkali activated binders Geopolymerisation Microstructural characterisation Abbreviations AAB Alkali activated binder Al Aluminum Al2O3 Aluminum oxide ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials Au Augite BCS Black Cotton Soil Ca Calcium CC Coefficient of compressibility CV Coefficient of consolidation CBR California bearing ratio CH Heavy clay C02 Carbon dioxide EDS Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy Fe Iron Fe2O3 Iron oxide FSI Free swelling index FTIR Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy GGBS Ground-granulated blast-furnace slag IRC Indian Road Congress K Potassium K1 Coefficient of permeability K 2O Potassium oxide K.Br Potassium bromide L.L Liquid Limit LS Linear shrinkage
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Geotech Geol Eng
M MDD Mg Ms Mu MV Na NaOH NTPC OMC P PI PL Q S Si SEM SL SSA TiO2 UCS USCS w/s XRD XRF
Montmorillonite Maximum dry density Magnesium Muscovite Mullite Coefficient of volume change Sodium Sodium hydroxide National thermal power plant Optimum moisture content Portlandite Plasticity index Plastic limit Quartz Hydroxy sodalite Silica Scanning electron microscopy Shrinkage limit Specific surface area Titanium dioxide Unconfined compressive strength Unified soil classification system Water to solid ratio X-ray diffraction X-ray fluorescence
1 Introduction Soil stabilization using chemicals is a popular technique to preserve one or more soil properties. Usage of c
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