Stabilizing the Temperature Regime of a Frozen Foundation Bed using Thermal Insulation and Cooling Mechanisms
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CONSTRUCTION ON PERMAFROST STABILIZING THE TEMPERATURE REGIME OF A FROZEN FOUNDATION BED USING THERMAL INSULATION AND COOLING MECHANISMS
UDC 624.139.62 A. A. Plotnikov National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), Moscow, Russia, *Author Email: [email protected].
The present article investigates the possibility of maintaining the condition of foundationbed soils of buildings constructed in permafrost zones using vertical seasonal cooling mechanisms and effective horizontal thermal insulation to obviate the need to construct a separate cold underfloor space. The research was carried out using existing buildings in the city of Mirny in the Sakha Republic as an example. The temperature regime of the foundation bed is considered employing various initial parameters: building width, thermal insulation resistance, and the depth at which the thermosyphon is located in soil. Regularities in the development of the temperature regime of the cooled soil were studied via numerical methods based around the TEMPA program.
Introduction Most multi-story permanent stone buildings located in permafrost areas are built according to the "I principle", which entails keeping the foundation-bed soils in a frozen state. This is achieved by creating an open space under the building, the so-called vented underfloor space (VUS), which helps to keep the soils frozen due to the surface cooling of the foundation bed in winter. The VUS approach, which has been widely used for the past 70 years, demonstrates good results from an engineering standpoint. However, a consideration of current spatial planning and operational practices reveals many significant drawbacks. These primarily consist in the need to make the building almost two stories higher than it would otherwise be if based on non-frozen soils. This is due to the need not only for the VUS itself but also a technical story, which, unlike technical stories constructed under normal conditions, must be located above ground level. Under these conditions, the height of the stairs, as well as the staircase and elevator section, is necessarily increased resulting in the mandatory installation of elevators even with as few as four residential floors. The second significant drawback consists in an overcooling of the first-floor slab due to the large temperature difference between the semi-basement floor and the ambient air in the underfloor space [1-3]. It is possible to increase the temperature in a cold underfloor space with the help of controlled ventilation or seasonal thermal insulation of the walls in the underfloor space and the surface of the foundation-bed soils [4-9]. In [10], the authors consider the temperature regime of the foundation bed of a residential building having a heat-insulated floor, but without additional cooling. Following calculations, the authors conclude that it is practically impossible to completely avoid the thawing of the soil under the building using thermal insulation alone (i.e., in the absence additional cooling). In [11], the use of ther
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