Stable isotopic signatures of carbon and nitrogen in soil aggregates following the conversion of natural forests to mana
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Stable isotopic signatures of carbon and nitrogen in soil aggregates following the conversion of natural forests to managed plantations in eastern China Mbezele Junior Yannick Ngaba & Roland Bol & Ya-Lin Hu
Received: 22 February 2020 / Accepted: 27 October 2020 # Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Background and aims Land cover change (LCC) from natural forest (NF) to plantations (PF) has occurred worldwide over the past several decades. However, the different LCC effects on soil aggregate C and N turnover in various climatic zones remain uncertain. Methods Soil samples were taken from both NF and PF at five sites along an approximately 4200 km northsouth transect in eastern China. We measured soil aggregate C and N concentrations, and δ13C and δ15N. Results The soil aggregate distribution is similar between NF and PF, except that the mass proportion of microaggregate is lower in NF. The impacts of LCC on soil C and N concentrations, and δ13C and δ15N vary among five climate zones. The changes in soil aggregate C and N concentrations and δ15N induced by LCC show nonlinear relationships with climatic factors (i.e., MAT and MAP), and there is a linear relationship between soil aggregate Δδ13C (calculated by subtracting PF from Responsible Editor: Feike A. Dijkstra. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007 /s11104-020-04754-3. M. J. Y. Ngaba : Y.8 mm. Then, 40 g air-dried soil is used for aggregate size fractionation by wet sieving and is placed on a set of six nested sieves of 5, 2, 1, 0.5, 0.25 and 0.053 mm. The sieves are shaken vertically for 30 min at a rate of 35 strokes min−1 in a water bucket. The soil aggregate fractions retained in each sieve were carefully washed off the sieve into a preweighed aluminous container, oven-dried at 105 °C and weighed. A portion of soil aggregate F) 0.60
2.40
Pr (>F)
Forest type
1
0.27
27.16
***
43.55
Climate zone
4
42.94
***
48.99
***
63.52
***
14.15
***
Soil depth
1
112.64
***
98.94
***
26.17
***
88.26
***
Aggregate size
6
3.26
**
1.22
1.63
0.14
10.99
***
***
12.28
0.12
0.30
Type × Climate
4
11.35
Type × Depth
1
5.76
*
5.16
*** *
15.67
***
10.29
***
4.33
*
4.65
*
Climate × Depth
4
1.69
0.15
2.59
*
0.99
0.41
3.67
**
Type × Size
6
0.52
0.80
0.87
0.52
0.20
0.98
0.27
0.95
Climate × Size
24
1.29
0.17
1.75
*
0.40
0.99
0.93
0.56
Depth × Size
6
1.09
0.37
1.04
0.40
0.58
0.74
1.03
0.41
*** indicates a significant difference at the p < 0.001 level (2-tailed); ** indicates a significant difference at the p < 0.01 level (2-tailed); *indicates a significant difference at the p < 0.05level (2-tailed)
Plant Soil
2005; Pohl et al. 2012; Tisdall and Oades 1982). In the present study, the changes in soil aggregate size distribution might be related to the reduction in SOC in plantations (Chen et al. 2004; Lin et al. 2018), and furthermore, the higher plant diversity, vegetation cover and root d
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