Staging of Colorectal Cancer (Including Staging After Neoadjuvant Therapy)
Pathological examination of colorectal cancer is the basis for further treatment. Staging of the tumor predicts prognosis and indicates the necessity of adjuvant therapy. Neoadjuvant treatment may hamper staging and is subject to ongoing research.
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Multidisciplinary Treatment of Colorectal Cancer
Gunnar Baatrup Editor
Multidisciplinary Treatment of Colorectal Cancer Staging – Treatment – Pathology – Palliation Second Edition
Editor Gunnar Baatrup Department of Surgery Odense University Hospital Svendborg Denmark
ISBN 978-3-030-58845-8 ISBN 978-3-030-58846-5 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58846-5 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
Foreword
On a global level, the annual number of patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer is increasing, and we also experience a growing number of young people diagnosed with the disease. In recent decades, the treatment of colorectal cancer has undergone impressive developments in terms of improved diagnostic procedures and new therapies, and a multidisciplinary treatment approach has become the golden standard. These combined achievements have led to improved treatments, reduced recurrence rates, and increased survival for our patients. Parallel to this development, colorectal cancer screening is now being introduced broadly, leading to the diagnosis of more early tumors, which puts additional demands on further refined treatments. We can do more and cure a larger number of patients at the same time as the demand for organ preservation is increasing. This means new requirements for predictive biomarkers to tailor treatments to individual patients. Therefore, the next step in multidisciplinary care is to take the step to what now is known as precision medicine, fully integrated into clinical practice for patients with colorectal cancer. Precision medicine is diagnostic methods and therapy for individualized investigation, prevention, an
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