State Primary Special Standard Get 190-2019 for Acceleration in Gravimetry
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STATE STANDARDS STATE PRIMARY SPECIAL STANDARD GET 190-2019 FOR ACCELERATION IN GRAVIMETRY
L. F. Vitushkin, F. F. Karpeshin, E. P. Krivtsov, P. P. Krolitsky, V. V. Nalivaev, O. A. Orlov, and M. M. Khaleev
UDC 528.27
The composition, principle of operation and basic metrological characteristics of the State Primary Special Standard of acceleration for gravimetry GET 190-2019 are given. The standard is the top link of the reference base for gravitational acceleration measurements. The accuracy and reliability of GET 190-2019 have been increased as a result of optimization of methods for adjusting measuring systems and the inclusion of improved systems, assemblies and modern element base in its composition. Particular attention is paid to the refinement of the corrections introduced into the measurement results due to methodological, physical and technical limitations. The applied research methods made it possible to confirm the range of GET 1902019, as well as to determine the contributions of the main sources and the total value of the error. The metrological characteristics of GET 190-2019 are confirmed by the results of measurements of the absolute value of gravimetric acceleration at the gravimetric station Lomonosov-1 and their comparison with the data obtained at different times using high-precision foreign and domestic gravimeters. The relevance of the work is determined by the requirements of applied problems whose solution requires data on the parameters of the Earth’s gravitational field. Geophysics and navigation are the main areas of application for high precision measurements in this field. Keywords: gravimetry, free fall acceleration, geoid, gravimetric point, absolute ballistic gravimeter.
Introduction. The results of high-precision measurements of the parameters of the Earth’s gravitational field and its changes are widely used both in fundamental research (refinement of the geoid model, study of the internal structure of the Earth) and for solving applied problems (prospecting for minerals, global positioning, and navigation, forecast of geodynamic activity) [1]. The State Primary Special Standard GET 190-2019 for units of acceleration in gravimetry is the basis for metrological support of this subject in the Russian Federation. The first measurements of free fall acceleration (FFA) using an absolute ballistic gravimeter (ABG) at the VNIIM gravimetric station were performed in 2004 within the framework of scientific and technical cooperation with the European Center for Geodynamics and Seismology (Luxemburg). In these studies, we used the FG5 ballistic gravity meter of the European Center, which took part in international comparisons. The gravimetric station of VNIIM is located at the Lomonosov branch of the Institute in the suburban area of St. Petersburg in a specialized building with a vibration-isolating foundation weighing about 4000 tons. The area of the station is more than 60 m2, which includes 7 gravimetric stations. This allows the placement of equipment for comparisons of several gravi
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