Statistics and Complement Selection: A Case Study of Afraid Based on Canadian and British English

A number of variables have recently been shown to play a role in the non-finite complementation of complement-taking predicates in Present-Day English. This chapter opens with an overview of such variables, then proceeds to analyze the magnitude of their

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Infinitival vs Gerundial Complementation with Afraid, Accustomed, and Prone

Juho Ruohonen · Juhani Rudanko

Infinitival vs Gerundial Complementation with Afraid, Accustomed, and Prone Multivariate Corpus Studies

Juho Ruohonen University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland

Juhani Rudanko Tampere University Tampere, Finland

ISBN 978-3-030-56757-6 ISBN 978-3-030-56758-3 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-56758-3 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Cover illustration: © Harvey Loake This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland

Acknowledgments

This book has benefitted from informant judgments provided by John Calton, Joseph Flanagan, and Mark Shackleton. Particular thanks go to Laura Herrmann, who was generous in lending us her native ear on numerous occasions. We also wish to thank the anonymous reviewers and the people at Palgrave for their cooperation in what has been a smooth and straightforward review process. Finally, the authors acknowledge their indebtedness to Mark Davies, of Brigham Young University, for his work in compiling most of the large corpora used in this book and for making a range of corpora easily available to those engaged in the scholarly study of English. The responsibility for any shortcomings in the book naturally remains with the authors.

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Contents

1

Introduction References

2

Statistics and Complement Selection: A Case Study of Afraid Based on Canadian and British English 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Composition of the Strathy Corpus 2.3 Complementation of Afraid in the Strathy Corpus 2.3.1 Descriptive Statistics 2.3.2 The Limitations of Univariat