Structural Analysis

The authors and their colleagues developed this text over many years, teaching undergraduate and graduate courses in structural analysis courses at the Daniel Guggenheim School of Aerospace Engineering of the Georgia Institute of Technology.   The em

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SOLID MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS Volume 163

Series Editor:

G.M.L. GLADWELL Department of Civil Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3GI

Aims and Scope of the Series The fundamental questions arising in mechanics are: Why?, How?, and How much? The aim of this series is to provide lucid accounts written by authoritative researchers giving vision and insight in answering these questions on the subject of mechanics as it relates to solids. The scope of the series covers the entire spectrum of solid mechanics. Thus it includes the foundation of mechanics; variational formulations; computational mechanics; statics, kinematics and dynamics of rigid and elastic bodies: vibrations of solids and structures; dynamical systems and chaos; the theories of elasticity, plasticity and viscoelasticity; composite materials; rods, beams, shells and membranes; structural control and stability; soils, rocks and geomechanics; fracture; tribology; experimental mechanics; biomechanics and machine design. The median level of presentation is the first year graduate student. Some texts are monographs defining the current state of the field; others are accessible to final year undergraduates; but essentially the emphasis is on readability and clarity.

For other titles published in this series, go to www.springer.com/series/6557

O.A. Bauchau • J.I. Craig

Structural Analysis With Applications to Aerospace Structures

O.A. Bauchau School of Aerospace Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, Georgia USA

J.I. Craig School of Aerospace Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, Georgia USA

ISBN 978-90-481-2515-9 e-ISBN 978-90-481-2516-6 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2009932893 © Springer Science + Business Media B.V. 2009 No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Printed on acid-free paper

Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

To our wives, Yi-Ling and Nancy, and our families

Preface

Engineered structures are almost as old as human civilization and undoubtedly began with rudimentary tools and the first dwellings outside caves. Great progress has been made over thousands of years, and our world is now filled with engineered structures from nano-scale machines to soaring buildings. Aerospace structures ranging from fragile human-powered aircraft to sleek jets and thundering rockets are, in our opinion, among the most challenging and creative examples of these efforts. The study of mechanics and structural analysis has been an important area of engineering over the past 300 years, and some of the greatest minds have contributed to its dev