Structural and Mechanical Behavior of Al-4.4Cu/2TiB 2 In-Situ Nanocomposites Fabricated by Post- In-Situ Reaction Ultras
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INTRODUCTION
THE high specific modulus, strength, and its higher potential towards structural and transportation applications actuated significant research enthusiasm for Aluminum matrix composites.[1,2] Nevertheless, some of their mechanical properties, especially fracture toughness and ductility, still miss the mark concerning the necessities for large-scale fabrications.[3] Casati and Vedani[4] were envisioned that the shortcomings of MMCs like poor ductility, machinability, and fracture toughness could be surmounted by downsizing the reinforcement particles to nano-scale, i.e., by the producing metal matrix nanocomposites (MMNCs). Henrique et al.[5] and Nie et al.[6] suggested that uniform dispersion or distribution of nanoparticles is an essential
JAYAKRISHNAN NAMPOOTHIRI is with the Structural Nanomaterials Lab, PSG Institute of Advanced Studies, Coimbatore 641004, India and also with the Department of Production Engineering, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore 641004, India. I. BALASUNDAR and T. RAGHU are with the Near Net Shape Group, Aeronautical Materials Division, Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory, Hyderabad 500058, India. K.R. RAVI is with the Structural Nanomaterials Lab, PSG Institute of Advanced Studies and also with the Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur 342037, India. Contact e-mail: [email protected] Manuscript submitted May 4, 2019.
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B
prerequisite to enhance the properties of the matrix alloy. However, the high surface activity of nanoparticles can lead to their agglomeration in the matrix while preparing such composites.[7,8] Of late, Yuan et al.[9] reported that ultrasonic (UT)-assisted casting techniques are advantageous to break the agglomerates and disperse the nano-reinforcement particles uniformly in the matrix. Studies by Estruga et al.[10] and Raghu et al.[11] reported that ultrasonic treatment is an effective tool to synthesize in-situ nanoparticles. In-situ particles have added advantages like improved wettability, thermal stability, and better interface bonding that provides effective load transfer characteristics.[12,13] In an earlier work, the authors have demonstrated that post-in-situ reaction ultrasonic treatment of conventional salt-melt route Al/TiB2 composite can be used to fabricate TiB2 nanoparticles of < 100 nm in size and concomitantly it breaks the agglomerates and improves the dispersion of particles effectively in the matrix of the composites.[14,15] Post-in-situ melt treatment method can alleviate the contamination of the melt due to dissolution of sonotrode material used for ultrasonic treatment during the salt-melt reaction.[16] Though post-in-situ melt technique has been proved to be advantageous, no systematic study has been carried out to understand the role of post-in-situ reaction on the reinforcement size, its distribution, grain refinement, and the precipitation hardening behavior of MMNCs so produced. Moreover, structure–property correlation
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