Structural Changes and Electrodynamic Effects in Polymers under Fast Uniaxial Compression
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ARTICLE
POLYMER SCIENCE
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-021-2511-5 Chinese J. Polym. Sci.
Structural Changes and Electrodynamic Effects in Polymers under Fast Uniaxial Compression Aleksey. I. Aleksandrov, Ivan A. Aleksandrov, Vitaliy G. Shevchenko*, and Aleksandr N. Ozerin N.S.Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials RAS 117393 Moscow, Profsoyuznaya, 70 Russian Federation
Abstract Rheological explosion in polymers under uniaxial compression in an open volume occurs at the end of continuous rapid plastic deformation after several stages of creep. Two types of polymers were chosen for this study: brittle glassy amorphous polystyrene and thermoplastic semi-crystalline polypropylene. Electric pulses were detected during explosion, and their spectra were analyzed with two models. X-ray diffraction methods were used to investigate changes in the structure and morphology of polymers during deformation and rheological explosion. The pores appear in polymer in this process, and their shape and size distribution were derived from X-ray experiments. The main reason for the formation of pores in polymer samples in rheological explosion experiments is the intense microshifts in the polymer volume under the action of high applied pressure. Keywords Polystyrene; Polypropylene; X-ray; Mechanical properties; Compression Citation: Aleksandrov, A. I.; Aleksandrov, I. A.; Shevchenko, V. G.; Ozerin, A. N. Structural changes and electrodynamic effects in polymers under fast uniaxial compression. Chinese J. Polym. Sci. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-021-2511-5
INTRODUCTION Behavior of various substances under high pressure and shear deformations was first investigated in the thirties of the 20th century, and is still of interest to many researchers.[1−12] Bridgman was the first to record emissions of matter from the highpressure zone with open boundaries, which were accompanied by intense sound effects and dispersion of the substance.[1,2] Bridgman called this phenomenon a mechanical explosion, and later, the name ‘rheological explosion’ was firmly entrenched in it.[3−12] Interest in this phenomenon is not weakening, since it is directly related to problems of the transition of destructible material from a brittle to a plastic state under dynamic inelastic compression.[3,4] It is related to resistance of ceramics, glass, and metal alloys to instant destruction.[5,6] Acoustic and mechanical effects are accompanied by electrical phenomena. Recently, it was found for polymer composites—multiferroics based on a polystyrene (PS) matrix containing binuclear organoelement complexes (QH)2Co…O…Co(QH)2 or (QH)2Mn… O…Mn(QH)2 (QH is a ligand based on 3,6-di-tert-butylpyrocatechol) that during mechanical activation by a rheological explosion, radio-frequency superradiance is observed.[8−14] At present, there is no information as to what happens to polymer matrix during a rheological explosion,[8−12] although it is obvious that the change in its structure and the physicochemical processes that occur during this explosion h
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