Structural silicone joint behaviour study for cold bent glass
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SI: CHALLENGING GLASS
Structural silicone joint behaviour study for cold bent glass Sigurd Sitte · Valérie Hayez · Jon Kimberlain · Mark Mirgon · Jie Feng
Received: 4 February 2020 / Accepted: 27 June 2020 © The Dow Chemical Company, under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Cold-bent or warped glass units in façades has gained in popularity as architecture in commercial buildings is showing a trend to innovative, nonrectangular “organic” shapes. Structural silicone glazing has been used successfully as the sole method of retention of the bending membrane. Recent research by the authors investigated experimentally the durability of different cold bent glass designs by coupling the loading level to the rate of deformation over time and recommend for single corner warped glass tolerable peak strains to reach a good durability. The goal of the current paper is to propose adapted evaluation methods from the early design stage to the final concept. The first part of the paper is a thorough investigation of the difficulties observed when applying FEA to the evaluation of structurally glazed cold bent glass. Building further on the recently done investigation, the effect of the mesh size, the choice of constraints, the type of bendS. Sitte · V. Hayez (B)· J. Kimberlain · M. Mirgon · J. Feng Dow Silicones, Parc Industriel Zone C, rue Jules Bordet, 7180 Seneffe, Belgium e-mail: [email protected] V. Hayez e-mail: [email protected] J. Kimberlain e-mail: [email protected] M. Mirgon e-mail: [email protected] J. Feng e-mail: [email protected]
ing (single corner or other) and the design of the frame or interlayer are discussed. Additionally, an additional failure criteria was evaluated to the maximum principal strain to verify whether they can predict failure as observed experimentally. The second part of the paper derives an alternative simplified analytical calculation method to assess the potential of different concepts in the early design stages for twisted glass. The effect of the interlayer is addressed as well as the effect of the IGU compound. The accuracy of the analytical results are compared to FEA models. Keywords Cold bending · Structural silicone glazing · Finite element analysis · Analytical equations
1 Introduction Modern free form glass architecture has become increasingly popular in the last years. Whereas curvilinear geometry could be realized using for instance flat glasses with triangular shapes (Fig. 1), more demanding 3D shapes have led to the development of specific glass shaping technologies, such as hot or cold bending of panes (Eekhout 2004; Eekhout and Staaks 2004; Dodd and Thieme 2007; Neugebauer 2014; Moisy 2019). During hot bending, the glass panel is heated up in order to let it slump to the desired shape provided by a specific mold. Although the technology allows for high degrees of curvature (Fig. 2), it comes with
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Fig. 1 Flat triangular glass panels: Zlote Tarasy Warsaw, Poland by Jon Jerde
several disadvantages when applied in the fa
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