Structure and electrochemical hydrogen storage characteristics of nanocrystalline and amorphous MgNi-type alloy synthesi
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Structure and electrochemical hydrogen storage characteristics of nanocrystalline and amorphous MgNi‑type alloy synthesized by mechanical milling Yang‑huan Zhang1,2 · Wei Zhang2 · Ze‑ming Yuan1 · Wen‑gang Bu2 · Yan Qi2 · Shi‑hai Guo2 Received: 11 July 2019 / Revised: 19 September 2019 / Accepted: 9 October 2019 © China Iron and Steel Research Institute Group 2020
Abstract Both element substitution and surface modification were utilized to enhance the electrochemical performances of Mg–Nibased alloys. Nanocrystalline and amorphous Mg1−xCexNi0.9Al0.1 (x = 0–0.08) + 50 wt.% Ni hydrogen storage alloys were synthesized through mechanical milling. The sample alloys show excellent activation property and have good electrochemical hydrogenation and dehydrogenation property at normal temperature. The discharge capacity has a peak value with Ce content varying which is 461.6 mAh/g for 10-h milled alloy, while that of Ce0.04 alloy augments from 352.6 to 536.9 mAh/g with milling time extending from 5 to 30 h. Cycle stability is conspicuously improved with Ce content and milling duration augment. To be specific, when cycle number is fixed at 100, the capacity retention rate augments from 41% to 72% after Ce dosage rising from 0 to 0.08 for the 10-h milled alloy and from 58% to 76% after milling duration extending from 5 to 30 h for Ce0.06 alloy. Additionally, the electrochemical kinetics of the alloys own peak values with Ce proportion varying; however, they always rise with milling duration extending. Keywords Mg–Ni-based alloy · Ce replacing Mg · Surface modification · Mechanical milling · Electrochemical performance
1 Introduction Consuming fossil fuels excessively results in a variety of environmental concerns, such as severe air pollution and the greenhouse effect, which have attracted worldwide attention [1]. The widely used Ni–MH batteries in electric vehicles (EV) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) are viewed with great promise for reducing fossil fuel consumption and carbon dioxide emission due to their zero emission of greenhouse gases and their abundant fuel sources of hydrogen and oxygen [2]. As a matter of fact, “the regulation of access of new energy automobile production enterprises and products” legislated by the Ministry of Industry and Information * Yang‑huan Zhang [email protected] 1
Key Laboratory of Integrated Exploitation of Baiyun Obo Multi‑Metal Resources, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia, China
Department of Functional Material Research, Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100081, China
2
Technology of China in 2009 declared that Ni–MH batteryassisted HEV was defined as a national generalized product, which creates a good developing chance for Ni–MH batteries. However, innovation must be carried out to reduce the cost of a Ni–MH battery system and ameliorate its performance for the purpose of gaining consumer acceptance for EV and HEV. Miscellaneous metal hydrides have been studied extensively to seek for
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