Studies on free and forced vibration of functionally graded back plate with brake insulator of a disc brake system
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O R I G I NA L
Rakesh Patil
· Sharnappa Joladarashi · Ravikiran Kadoli
Studies on free and forced vibration of functionally graded back plate with brake insulator of a disc brake system
Received: 22 January 2020 / Accepted: 30 July 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The back plate with brake insulator of a disc brake system used in automobile is a sandwich structure. Mitigating brake squeal associated with the operation of the disc brake has been a focus of many automobile researchers. As on today’s practice, steel–acrylic–steel is used for back plate–brake insulator assembly. The present study focuses on proposing Al−Al2 O3 functionally graded metal ceramic composite material (FGM) for the back plate attached with conventional Steel–Acrylic brake insulator. Accordingly, a comparison study is presented in terms of the free and forced vibration characteristics of different material combinations for back plate–brake insulator sandwich beams such as steel–acrylic–steel, FGM–acrylic–steel, FGM–acrylic– aluminium and steel–acrylic–aluminium. The associated governing equations for sandwich beam which are well established in the literature are presented, and they are solved for simply supported conditions using trigonometric displacement functions. The real and imaginary parts of the various parameters come into the picture because of complex shear modulus of viscoelastic core. The comparison study among the combinations reveals that the natural frequency, loss factor and with regard to dynamic loading the imaginary part of transverse displacement, axial displacement, stress and strain of FGM–acrylic–steel are higher. As a result, FGM–acrylic– steel is suitable combination for back plate and brake insulator assembly which enhances the damping capacity of overall disc brake system and also helps in reducing brake squeal problem associated with operation of disc brake system. Keywords Back plate of disc brake system · Brake insulator · Functionally graded materials (FGM) · Rule of mixture · Viscoelastic material · Loss factor 1 Introduction In recent years, so many advancements have been taken place in automobile sector. As a result, performance and comfort of new-generation vehicles have improved compared to old-generation vehicles. Disc brake squeal is one of the major and challenging problem in automobiles due to which both performance and comfort of the vehicle reduces. The vibration induced by the friction between wheel disc and brake pad generates the squeal. To suppress the squeal, brake insulators are being used. Different types of brake insulators are available in the market in which single-layer insulators, constrained-layer insulators and multilayer constrained insulators are mostly used in automobiles. Single-layer insulator consists of one metal layer (steel) with one viscoelastic layer [1]. Back plate is an important component in the disc brake system to which a brake pad is attached on one side and a brake insulator is attached on the other side [1–8]. A back plate
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