Study of pollution transport through the rivers using aggregated dead zone and hybrid cells in series models
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Study of pollution transport through the rivers using aggregated dead zone and hybrid cells in series models J. Chabokpour1 Received: 12 October 2019 / Revised: 4 April 2020 / Accepted: 6 April 2020 © Islamic Azad University (IAU) 2020
Abstract This paper aims at studying the data-based mechanistic pollution transport models of the aggregated dead zone (ADZ) and hybrid cells in series (HCIS) models. For a better understanding of them, it was tried to connect their parameters to the physical parameters of the classical advection–dispersion (ADE) model. A series of experiments were conducted using the laboratory model of the gravel bed river, and the sodium chloride solution was chosen as a conservative tracer. A new analytical solution of HCIS model, including triple dispersion cells, was developed. Also, the theoretical temporal moment equations were derived and attempted to develop explicit relationships for both ADZ and HCIS parameters based on hydraulically and geometrically variables. Detailed descriptions of the Pe number and the skewness coefficients (CSK) were presented, and the theoretical limit of CSK was extracted. It was concluded that the range of (0.93–1.24) for CSK is acceptable, which confirms the finding of previous investigators. A sensitivity analysis was operated to find the importance of different variables in estimating model parameters. Finally, the theoretical breakthrough curves of ADZ and HCIS models were drawn and confirmed with experimental BTCs. Statistical goodness of fit parameters of RMSE, DC, and MAE was calculated as triple sets of (0.0158, 0.99, 21.58 ppm), (0.0188, 0.97, 27.16 ppm), and (0.105, 0.83, 78.84 ppm) for ADZ, HCIS, and ADE models, respectively, which showed the superiority of data-based models to the classical ADE model. Keywords Advection–dispersion model · Analytical solution · Data-based models · Gravel bed rivers · Solute transport
Introduction The simulation of solute transport in the river networks needs accurate and efficient models. Previously, different types of models were proposed in this field. Despite widespread applicability of the classical advection–dispersion equation (ADE), from the 1990s decade, it was noticed that the ADE was not capable of covering real solute data (Taylor 1954; Thackston and Schnelle 1970; Lees et al. 2000). In the natural channels or other hydrodynamic systems, the presence of the irregularities in the bed or bank of the channels or existence of any stagnation point was known as peripheral dead zones (Chabokpour et al. 2017). Generally, it was seen that the dead zones could be found in Editorial responsibility: M. Abbaspour. * J. Chabokpour [email protected] 1
Hydraulic Structures, Civil Engineering Department, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
different parts of the natural streams, e.g., stream bed or banks like enormous obstacles, trees, wooden debris, rockfill media, and bedforms. Therefore, pollution could be trapped and released from the specified zones slowly. It was found that the exi
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