Study of structural properties of acid-treated natural sediment and its application as a sustainable catalyst
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Study of structural properties of acid‑treated natural sediment and its application as a sustainable catalyst Deborath M. Reinoso1 · Sabrina Angeletti2 · Patricia M. Cervellini2 · Diego E. Boldrini3 Received: 9 April 2020 / Revised: 17 August 2020 / Accepted: 19 August 2020 © Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Química 2020
Abstract This paper aims to characterize a natural sediment from Bahía Blanca estuary (Argentina) as a new clay source and determine the catalytic capacity after its structural modification by an acid activation process. The acid treatment was performed by employing H2SO4 at different concentrations at 353 K and 60 min. The raw material and acid-activated samples were characterized by XRD, XRF, FTIR, N2 physisorption, TGA, SEM, EDX, potentiometric titration and pyridine adsorption monitored by FTIR. Moreover, the catalytic activity on lauric acid esterification with methanol was evaluated as a test reaction. From the structural characterization, it was determined that the material studied contains mainly Ca-montmorillonite, illite, albite and quartz. Likewise, the results obtained showed that the acid-treatment impacts the material characteristics, predominantly surface acidity and textural properties. Particularly, it was evidenced that the samples treated under medium acid activation conditions lead to an increase in acid site number and strength and specific surface area and consequently improve the catalytic activity. The results obtained evidenced that this low cost and widely available raw material presents an interesting mineralogical composition with a high clay mineral content. Additionally, the catalytic performance showed a good conversion in the test reaction regarding other heterogeneous catalysts. Hence, considering these results, this natural sediment merits further research on its purification and application. Keywords Natural sediment · Clay-minerals · Minerals · Acid treatment · Catalyst · Esterification reaction
Introduction In recent years, heterogeneous catalysts based on green materials have received special attention because they offer many advantages. For instance, they are not corrosive, Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s43153-020-00066-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Diego E. Boldrini [email protected] 1
Departamento de Química, Instituto de Química del Sur (INQUISUR), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)CONICET, CP 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina
2
Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur (INBIOSUR), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)- CONICET, CP 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina
3
Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química (PLAPIQUI), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-CONICET, CP 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina
present fewer problems regarding final disposal, and can be easily separated from the products. Thereby, alternative sol
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