Study of the Influence of Plant-Based Filler on the Physicomechanical Properties and Processing Parameters of a Composit
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NOLOGY OF POLYMERIC AND COMPOSITE MATERIALS
Study of the Influence of Plant-Based Filler on the Physicomechanical Properties and Processing Parameters of a Composite Based on Secondary Polymer Raw Materials V. P. Zakharova, R. K. Fakhretdinovb, L. R. Galievb, A. R. Sadritdinova, and E. I. Kulisha, * aBashkir
b
State University, Ufa, 450076 Bashkortostan, Russia OOO Zavod Plastmassovykh Izdelii Al’ternativa, Oktyabrsky, 452615 Bashkortostan, Russia *e-mail: [email protected] Received January 16, 2018; revised May 16, 2018; accepted May 30, 2018
Abstract—Creating biodegradable polymer compositions is an urgent problem. In this research, the processing parameters and physicomechanical properties of materials based on secondary polypropylene and secondary polyethylene filled with plant-based fillers are studied. It is estimated that the introduction of a filler leads to an increase in the maximal torsion torque; the lowest resistance against filler introduction is observed in the use of secondary polyethylene. Similar regularities are observed during the study of the minimal torsion torque; however, in this case, the lowest resistance is observed for the sample of secondary polypropylene. It is shown that the introduction of 10–15 parts by the mass of the filler leads to an increase in the elastic modulus and an insignificant decrease in the values of rupture stress and elongation upon breaking. Keywords: secondary polymers, natural fillers, composites, physicomechanical properties DOI: 10.1134/S0040579519050245
INTRODUCTION Currently, the output volume, volume consumption, and, correspondingly, the waste of polymer products (~10% of the total waste) [1] are significantly increasing. The recycling of plastic waste, which generally consists of waste burial or burning [2–4], is a global problem, because it affects the environment and ecology of the planet. The elaboration of biodegradable polymer compositions [5–8] can be a promising solution to this problem. Polyolefins, which are the most large-tonnage and essential polymers among the ones produced by industry, can be used as the basic material for these compositions [9, 10]. Taking into account the fact that polyolefins cannot be decomposed under natural conditions, the introduction of additives into synthetic polymers makes it possible to solve two interconnected problems of recycling and degradability. Synthetic polymer incorporated into the composite determines the required exploitation properties and the possibility for recycling materials, while biodegradable filler provides the principal possibility of the accelerated decomposition of composite material [8, 11]. On the one hand, the introduction of natural filler allows partially substituting nonrenewable petrochemical raw materials with renewable ones; on the other hand, it makes it
possible to reduce the price of the product due to the usage of waste of various industries. This study is dedicated to the selection of filler which is able not only to initiate the biodegradation of compositions under the infl
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