Study of vertically ascending flight of a hawkmoth model
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RESEARCH PAPER
Study of vertically ascending flight of a hawkmoth model Anh Tuan Nguyen1 · Vu Dan Thanh Le1 · The Hung Tran2 · V. N. Duc3,4 · Van Binh Phung1 Received: 31 January 2020 / Revised: 28 May 2020 / Accepted: 14 July 2020 © The Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This paper provides insight into the wing kinematics, the power requirement and the dynamic stability characteristics of a hawkmoth model in vertically ascending flight. The wing kinematics of the hawkmoth model is obtained based on the minimum required power assumption. The optimization process is conducted using genetic and simplex algorithms that are coupled with an artificial neural network to rapidly predict the aerodynamic force and required power. The training data for the neural network are generated from an unsteady vortex-lattice method. Compared to hover, the results in this study show the larger flapping frequency and the smaller rotation amplitude of the hawkmoth wing kinematics in ascending flight. Additionally, more power is required when the ascending speed increases. While conducting a dynamic modal analysis based on a cycle-average approach, the certain effect of the ascending speed on the modal structures of the hawkmoth model was observed. Keywords Hawkmoth · Ascending flapping flight · Genetic algorithm · Artificial neural network · Flight dynamic stability
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1 Introduction Insect flight has recently drawn a lot of attention of researchers due to its advanced characteristics that are applicable to the future designs of flapping-wing micro air vehicles (FWMAVs). Many aspects related to the aerodynamics, flight dynamics and control problems of insect flight have been revealed in many studies [1–7]. In general, insects may conduct various flight modes, including hover, forward and vertical translations, banked turns, etc.[1, 8–10]. While hover and forward flight are regarded as basic modes that have been thoroughly investigated in many studies [11–13], research results into vertically ascending flight are still limited. However, this type of flight is very important for both biological insects and insect-like FWMAVs [10, 14].
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V. N. Duc [email protected] Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Le Quy Don Technical University, Hanoi, Vietnam Institute of Theoretical and Applied Research, Duy Tan University, Hanoi, Vietnam Division of Construction Computation, Institute for Computational Science, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Faculty of Civil Engineering, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
It is noteworthy that the wing motions of insects in general and those of hawkmoths in specific while hovering and in forward flight can be easily observed and recorded in wind-tunnel experiments [1, 15, 16]. Many analyses have been carried out for hawkmoths based on these measured wing kinematic data to provide lots of insight into the characteristics of hover and fo
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