Study on Metallurgically Prepared Copper-Coated Carbon Fibers Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composites
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Study on Metallurgically Prepared Copper-Coated Carbon Fibers Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composites Meilian Gao1 · Pingping Gao1,2 · Yu Wang1 · Ting Lei1 · Chun Ouyang3 Received: 12 July 2020 / Accepted: 2 October 2020 © The Korean Institute of Metals and Materials 2020
Abstract Carbon materials, like carbon fiber, carbon nanotubes and graphene, were widely used as promising reinforcements to strengthen aluminum matrix composites (AMCs). The dispersion of reinforcement in matrix and interface wettability between matrix and reinforcing phase have been key factors affecting AMCs properties. In this study, electroless copper-coated carbon fibers reinforced aluminum (Cu-Cf/Al) composites were prepared by spark plasma sintering processing followed by heat treatment. Microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated. Microstructure observation indicated that fibers distributed uniformly in the composites containing up to 9 wt% copper-coated carbon fibers (Cu-Cf). In addition, an interfacial layer of 50 nm thickness was formed between the fiber and Al matrix due to mutual diffusion of Cu and Al atoms. Vickers hardness, tensile strength and bending strength of 9 wt% Cu-Cf/Al composite increased from 40 to 93 HV, 59 to 190 MPa and 110 to 326 MPa, respectively, compared to Al matrix. The improved mechanical properties are ascribed to the synergistic effect of dispersion, precipitation and solution strengthening. However, the elongation of composite decreased as compared to that of Al matrix. Moreover, Cu-Cf/Al composite exhibits superior corrosion resistance over uncoated carbon fiber/Al composite but less than Al matrix. Keywords Electroless copper plating · Carbon fiber · Aluminum matrix composites · Spark plasma sintering · Mechanical properties · Corrosion resistance
1 Introduction Aluminum matrix composites (AMCs) have been widely used in varies fields due to their superior properties such as good stiffness, thermal resistance, excellent friction,wear resistance, easy production and low cost [1–3]. Conventionally, ceramic materials like A l2O3, SiC and B 4C [4–6] are commonly introduced into AMCs to obtain high strength and * Pingping Gao [email protected] * Ting Lei [email protected] 1
Powder Metallurgy Research Institute, Central South University, 410083 Changsha, People’s Republic of China
2
Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vehicle and Transmission System, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan 411104, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
3
School of Material Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Jiangsu 212003, People’s Republic of China
modulus. Recently, carbon-related materials, such as carbon fiber [7, 8], carbon nanotubes [9, 10] and grapheme [11], as promising reinforcements, were widely used to strengthen AMCs. Among them, carbon fibers ( Cf) with characteristic of low density, high elastic modulus, good specific strength and low thermal expansion coefficient [12] have gained a growing interest as a prime reinforcement of AMCs. Carbon fiber
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