Study on Multi-Objective Operation Strategy for Multi-Reservoirs in Small-Scale Watershed Considering Ecological Flows
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Study on Multi-Objective Operation Strategy for Multi-Reservoirs in Small-Scale Watershed Considering Ecological Flows Wei Xu 1,2,3 Received: 2 February 2019 / Accepted: 24 September 2020/ # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract
The operation of multi-reservoir system has significantly influence on ecological system in riverine by altering natural streamflow. To alleviate the negative impacts on the ecosystem in a small-scale watershed, ecological flow requirements (EFRs) are incorporated in the operating strategies to tradeoff between the existing human needs and EFRs. In this study, three scenarios of EFRs are firstly generated to study the impacts on the operation efficiency of the existing objectives. Then, the reservoirs are classified into three categories, and the operation strategies are defined, respectively. Finally, the operation strategies are optimized using NSGA-II algorithm and used to simulate the operation processes. The simulation results indicate that the operation objectives between the EFRs and agricultural irrigation have a significant competitive relationship, and the guarantee rate for agricultural irrigation decreases with the EFRs increasing. The reservoirs in the third category with large storage capacity have strong regulation ability for the EFRs, however the reservoir operations in other categories are more vulnerable in term of guarantee rate for irrigation. Keywords Ecological flow . Multi-reservoir . Multi-objective . Optimal operation . Small-scale watershed
1 Introduction The construction of water conservancy projects, e.g., reservoirs or weirs, have mostly realized the demands of water conservancy and flood control, synchronous the distributions of material, * Wei Xu [email protected]
1
College of River and Ocean Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China
2
National Engineering Research Center for Inland Waterway Regulation, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China
3
State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065 Sichuan, China
W. Xu
energy and biological fields on the upper and lower reaches of the river have been changed (Bunn and Arthington 2020; Konrad et al. 2012; Crook et al. 2015; Yi et al. 2017). The traditional reservoir operation strategy mainly focuses on the operation objectives such as flood control, hydropower generation (HG), and water supply for human needs, and has less consideration for the riverine ecosystem (Poff et al. 2003; Yin et al. 2010; Cheng and Li 2018). With the continuous development of society, the awareness of river ecosystem protection has been continuously enhanced, and it has become an inevitable trend to protect and improve the ecosystem as one of the essential objectives for reservoir operation (Olden et al. 2014; Tan et al. 2017; Yu et al. 2018; Feng et al. 2018). In the past decades, reservoirs have been built and operated for economic purposes that require a reliable water supply for human needs, such as hydropower electricity, irrigat
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