Study on the Distribution of Surface Chlorophyll- a and Subsurface Chlorophyll Maximum in the Southeastern Yellow Sea Ac
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Article pISSN 1738-5261 eISSN 2005-7172
Study on the Distribution of Surface Chlorophyll-a and Subsurface Chlorophyll Maximum in the Southeastern Yellow Sea According to the Typhoon Paths and Water Masses Pung-Guk Jang1, Jung-Hoon Kang2, and Kyoungsoon Shin1* 1
Ballast Water Research Center, South Sea Research Institute, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Geoje 53201, Korea Risk Assessment Research Center, South Sea Research Institute, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Geoje 53201, Korea
2
Received 13 October 2019; Revised 8 May 2020; Accepted 14 June 2020 © KSO, KIOST and Springer 2020
Abstract − The influences of physiochemical processes on the distribution of surface chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) and subsurface chlorophyll maximum (SCM) were investigated in the southeastern Yellow Sea (YS) during summer in 2010–2013. The paths of typhoons from 2010 to 2012 were different, resulting in different patterns of surface Chl-a and the SCM layer. Surface Chl-a appeared in high concentrations at the coastal area in 2010 and 2012, and at all stations in 2011. The SCM layer descended in the central area in 2012 and rose in the coastal area in 2010, and lifted at all stations in 2011. The SCM layer was shallower from the open sea located at the Yellow Sea Cold Water to the coastal area due to tidal fronts and topographic properties. As a result, the distribution characteristics of Chl-a concentration according to typhoon paths and water masses may affect the marine ecosystem in the YS. Keywords − yellow sea cold water (YSCW), subsurface chlorophyll maximum (SCM), surface chlorophyll-a, typhoon, changjiang diluted water (CDW), tidal current
1. Introduction The Yellow Sea (YS) is a semi-enclosed shallow water body that is surrounded by the Korean Peninsula and continental China in the northwestern Pacific region. The YS is connected to the Bohai Sea in the north and the East China Sea (ECS) in the south (Fig. 1). The southern YS has been recognized as one of the most prolific fishing grounds in the world. One of the most important physical features of the YS is the existence of the strong cold water mass, the Yellow Sea Cold Water (YSCW), throughout the summer *Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]
season. The YSCW has important effects on the hydrographic features and the planktonic ecosystem in the YS (Hur et al. 1999; Zhang et al. 2002; Wang et al. 2003; Pu et al. 2004; Song et al. 2020). The Changjiang Diluted Water (CDW), formed by freshwater discharge mixed with inshore seawater, is distributed in the surface water layer along the Jiangsu and Zhejiang coast adjacent to the Changjiang River, which is often observed in the southern YS and the ECS in summer (Su and Weang 1994; Kin and Rho 1994; Moon et al. 2009, 2010; Oh et al. 2014; Wu et al 2014). The influences of physical processes on phytoplankton blooms in coastal areas and on the continental shelf have been widely studied. The primary physical processes that affect the spatial and tempo
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