Study on the Influence of Activated Carbon Nanotubes on the Tribological Properties of Frost-Resistant Rubber
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udy on the Influence of Activated Carbon Nanotubes on the Tribological Properties of Frost-Resistant Rubber P. O. Bukovskiy1, A. V. Morozov1* , N. N. Petrova2 , and E. V. Timofeeva2 1
Ishlinsky Institute for Problems in Mechanics, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Vernadskogo 101, str. 1, Moscow, 119526 Russia 2 M. K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, ul. Belinskogo 58, Yakutsk, 677027 Russia Received June 4, 2019; revised July 1, 2019; accepted July 6, 2019
Abstract—This article presents results on studying effect of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the tribological properties of frost-resistant rubber based on epichlorohydrin rubber. The sliding friction coefficient has been determined using a laboratory tribometer according to the “rubber ring– smooth steel disk” contact scheme. Rubber samples have been tested under conditions of dry friction for ranges of normal pressures of 0.1 . . . 0.4 MPa, sliding velocities of 1 . . . 100 mm/s for two values of the bulk temperature: 23 and −25◦ C. The wear rate of the samples has been determined at a temperature of 23◦ C, pressure of 0.4 MPa, and sliding speed of 10 mm/s. As a counterbody in experiments on the wear resistance assessment, sandpaper made of silicon carbide with a grain size of 120 and 250 microns has been used. It has been found that using CNTs as a filler for studied rubbers leads to an increase in their wear resistance. There is a multiple decrease in the wear rate when filling rubber with a small amount of CNTs (1–2 pts. wt. per 100 pts. wt. of rubber). Moreover, an improvement in physical and mechanical characteristics while maintaining high frost resistance is established. The addition of CNTs to the studied rubbers does not affect the static coefficient of friction. DOI:
Keywords: rubber friction, arctic materials, nanotubes, frost-resistant seals, epichlorohydrin rubber, wear resistance.
1. INTRODUCTION Currently, in developed countries there is a strong scientific and practical interest in research and development of materials for the exploration and production of gas and oil, the deposits of which are located in the northern and Arctic regions of the world. For example, United States and Norway have recently started to investigate so-called “Arctic Materials”. In particular, studies on the development of new rubbers with improved resistance to low temperatures have been started in Norway [1]. The main problem in creation of such materials is to maintain high elasticity at low negative temperatures and to ensure a set of operational properties of rubbers used in parts, assemblies and machines for exploration and production of energy resources. Since Russia has vast Far North territories, development of frostresistant rubber is carried out by many specialists from various scientific schools. Thus, for example, in the monograph by M. F. Bukhina and S. K. Kurlyand [2], it is noted that crystallization and glass transition are the main physical processes determining the frost resistance of rubber, and depending on both the pos
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