Study the Effect of Microinjection of Zn, Fe, and Cu Loaded in Montmorillonite on Development Activities in Fertilized C
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Study the Effect of Microinjection of Zn, Fe, and Cu Loaded in Montmorillonite on Development Activities in Fertilized Chicken Eggs Abdelmotaleb Elokil 1,2 & Ahmed M. Darwish 3 & Jianfu Wei 4 & Ibrahim A. H. Barakat 3,5 & Karima F. Mahrous 3 & Ahmed El-Kaiaty 6 & Shijun Li 1 & Khairy M. A. Zoheir 3 Received: 12 August 2020 / Accepted: 9 November 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This study aims to reduce embryonic mortality, increase body weight, and improve immune system in chicken. A total of 240 eggs were assigned to three treatments (n = 60) and injected with cooper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and iron (Fe) loaded by montmorillonite (Mnt), and one untreated group (n = 60). Some hormones and enzymes related with growth were measured in terms of serum, and expression of some genes related to growth, immune, and programmed cell deaths that were determined in the liver and spleen of chicken by RT-qPCR. The embryonic death on the fifth and seventh days after injecting eggs with Fe-Mnt was less obvious than in other groups. The heaviest body weight was recorded for Fe-Mnt and Cu-Mnt treatment. Fe-Mnt treatment had higher serum GSH, SOD, GH, and Myostatin contents and lower MDA than those in the other treatments. Cu-Mnt treatment included the highest contents of CAT enzyme and IGF-1 hormone in serum. The highest expression of IGF-1, GH, BCL6, and SYK genes in liver tissue were recorded by Zn-Mnt, IGFBP2, FGF8, and IFNW1 genes by Cu-Mnt, and TC1RG1 and IFNW1 genes by FeMnt in spleen tissue. In conclusion, Fe-Mnt was the best treatment for reducing embryonic mortality, and increasing body weight of chickens and expression of growth and immune genes, followed by Cu-Mnt treatment. Keywords Trace minerals . Mortality . Growth . Immune and apoptotic genes . Chicken
Introduction
* Khairy M. A. Zoheir [email protected] 1
College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
2
Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Moshtohor 13736, Egypt
3
Cell Biology Department, National Research Centre, 33 Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
4
Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China
5
Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
6
Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
Nutrient accessibility in the developing embryo during incubation period acquired importance to decrease the embryonic mortality [1]. In general, trace elements can improve immune system functions, nutrient metabolism, and health in chicken through the vital structural and catalytic role in metal-binding proteins and metalloenzymes [2–4]. Copper and zinc were incorporated into the diet or injected into the body, and th
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