Subjectivity Without Self
This chapter concerns the first period of Sartre’s oeuvre, concerning the works written before the Second World War. It begins with Sartre’s early project of banishing all contents from consciousness. Sartre conceives the phenomenological notion of intent
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Sartre on Subjectivity and Selfhood
Simon Gusman
Sartre on Subjectivity and Selfhood The Self as a Thing Among Things
Simon Gusman Philosophy Radboud University Nijmegen Nijmegen, The Netherlands
ISBN 978-3-030-56797-2 ISBN 978-3-030-56798-9 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-56798-9 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG. The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
Preface
This book examines the notions of subjectivity and selfhood that are developed by Jean-Paul Sartre throughout his oeuvre. The guiding thread of this analysis is the claim Sartre makes in many of his works that the Self is “a thing among things”. His thoughts concerning subjectivity and selfhood change and evolve throughout his career, and I aim to uncover the nuances of these developments. The background of this research is the critical reception of Sartre’s philosophy. Sartre received much criticism from both his contemporaries and the succeeding generations of philosophers, and the focus of this criticism often concerns the role of subjectivity in his thought. Sartre is accused of defending an outdated view of the Subject – a being which has a perspective on and/or agency in the world. His critics thought he granted too much power and autonomy to human subjectivity. In spite of such earlier criticisms of his work, in more recent years Sartre’s ideas concerning subjectivity have – alongside those of other phenomenologists – become a source of inspiration for analytic philosophers of mind. In debates in which human subjectivity has often been dismissed and reduced to mere physical activity of
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