Sunscreen Regulation in the World

Sunscreens are regulated in different ways in the world; this chapter will outline how sunscreens are limited or allowed. Limits on the use are also the key to understand the environmental origin of these ingredients and may help to understand and compare

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Contents 1 The European Union, Switzerland, Norway, and Iceland 2 The USA 3 Canada 4 ASEAN 5 Japan 6 China 7 Hong Kong 8 Korea 9 Taiwan 10 Australia 11 New Zealand 12 India 13 Russia 14 MERCOSUR 15 Israel and the Middle East 16 Testing 17 Conclusion References

Abstract Sunscreens are regulated in different ways in the world; this chapter will outline how sunscreens are limited or allowed. Limits on the use are also the key to understand the environmental origin of these ingredients and may help to understand and compare results from different areas in the world. Keywords Cosmetics, Cosmetics regulation, FDA sunscreens, Sunscreens, Sunscreen regulations, World sunscreen regulation

G. Pirotta (*) NEOVITA consulting, Uboldo, VA, Italy e-mail: [email protected] Antonio Tovar-Sánchez, David Sánchez-Quiles, and Julián Blasco (eds.), Sunscreens in Coastal Ecosystems: Occurrence, Behavior, Effect and Risk, Hdb Env Chem, DOI 10.1007/698_2019_440, © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020

G. Pirotta

The need for protection from sunrays and their damages is ancient, more or less as the history of mankind; early civilizations used a variety of substances: olive oil, powders, and clays used as itself or in more complex mixtures. After World War I, the white skin was no longer attractive, and during the 1930s, some oils were those used with no real protection [1]. We should regard to Eugene Schueller (founder of L’Oréal) for the first formulated product with the sunscreen protection goal. He formulated the first “filtering” oil, Ambre Solaire, and soon after other brands also began producing similar products. The need for protection previously limited to specific geographical areas or periods became a request during World War II when the overexposure of soldiers appeared as a new hazard. A specific product similar to petroleum jelly acting as the physical blocker was developed for army men but with many disagreeable aspects when applied (by the way with a basic SPF of 2). After World War II, some pioneering products were brought to the market (the first Piz Buin product appeared in 1946) with a progressive development of new UV filter substances. In a 40-year period, a number of different chemicals were introduced for sunscreen purposes: tannic acid (1925), benzyl salicylate (1931), paraaminobenzoic acid derivatives and 2-phenyl imidazole derivatives (1942), anthranilic acid (1950), various cinnamates (1954), chloroquine (1962), benzophenones (1965), and many more since then [2]. As a consequence of the rising market and the new category of products, new regulations came in place during the time in the second half of the last century. Linked to the different regulatory approaches from the various authorities in the world, sunscreen products have been subjected to various degrees of regulatory tightening. UV filters or UV absorbers may be used in many products, such as plastic polymers, textiles, paintings, and other products; all these applications are usually subject to specific rules, and usually, the substances are embedded into m

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