Supplies of suspended matter by surface water of the Mazafran drainage basin (western Algiers, Algeria)

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ARABGU2016

Supplies of suspended matter by surface water of the Mazafran drainage basin (western Algiers, Algeria) Ali Eddine Foudil Bouras 1 & Nassereddine Messaoud Nacer 2 & Roselyne Buscail 3 & Nemer Zoubida 4 Received: 25 March 2020 / Accepted: 13 August 2020 # Saudi Society for Geosciences 2020

Abstract The Mazafran wadi is characterized by a strong connection of the solids flow in kilograms per second to the liquid flow in cubic meters per second. However, high solids flow can also be associated to low liquid flow after severe summer storms. We also note that high water flows generate low solids transport; this is probably because of the groundwater draining after major floods. The relation between the daily solids flow and the average daily liquid flow varies from 50 to 600 m3 s−1. It is represented as follows: Qs = 2.03 Qmj2.626. The correlation of suspended matter and liquid flow concentrations follows the Serrat model which is presented as a second-degree logarithmic-based polynomial equation. Both equations show that the Total Suspended Solid (TSS) increases with the downstream and upstream flow. The suspended solids transport occurs mainly in the winter and to a less extent in the spring and autumn. Keywords Wadi Mazafran . Solids flow . Liquid flow . Suspended matter

Introduction Suspended matter concentrations are usually a function of the flow rates. High water flows correspond to high suspended matter concentrations (Amiotte Suchet and Probst 1995). This occurs most frequently in the Mediterranean fluvial systems This article is part of the Topical Collection on Current Advances in Geology of North Africa * Ali Eddine Foudil Bouras [email protected] Nassereddine Messaoud Nacer [email protected] Roselyne Buscail [email protected]

during the winter or in spontaneous runoff in autumn or even in spring (Serrat 1999). Thus, the transportation of suspended matter is often brief and occurs only during very short flood episodes. As a result, it is difficult to determine the extent of sediment supply carried by the rivers in both the northern and southern parts of the Mediterranean region. Serrat (2001) developed a model linking flow and suspended matter to quantify the flow of suspended matter in the Agly and Têt rivers (France). The aim of our study is to use this model for an Algerian coastal hydrosystem: Oued Mazafran. We used the water flow data and the concentration values collected from the National Water Resources Agency of Blida to determine the flow of suspended matter during the periods 1990–1995 and 2005– 2006, with the aim of extending this model to the principal coastal rivers of the Mediterranean region.

Nemer Zoubida [email protected]

The geographical location of the study area 1

Geo-Environmental Laboratory, University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene, Bab Ezzouar, Algeria

2

Saad Dahlab Blida University, Blida, Algeria

3

Cefrem UMR 5110 CNRS, University of Perpignan V.D, Perpignan, France

4

Laboratoire de Géophysique, University of Science and Technology