Supplies, Status, and Slavery: Contested Aesthetics of Provisioning at the Jesuit Haciendas of Nasca
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Supplies, Status, and Slavery: Contested Aesthetics of Provisioning at the Jesuit Haciendas of Nasca Brendan J. M. Weaver 1
& Lizette
A. Muñoz 2 & Karen Durand 3
# Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract The seventeenth- and eighteenth-century wine- and brandy-producing estates owned by the Society of Jesus in Nasca, Peru, held a large enslaved population of diverse subSaharan origins. Enslaved actors, together with a minority of black freepersons and itinerant indigenous and mestizo laborers, relied on goods and foodstuffs supplied by their Jesuit administrators along with products they provisioned themselves. The aesthetic worlds of the estates were contested through the ways in which these actors engaged and provisioned themselves, making use of material culture and foodways to strategically manipulate their statuses and produce meaning reflective of their diverse origins and entanglements. Keywords Slavery . Provisions . Foodways . Society of Jesus . Peru
Introduction On the 10th of December, 1767, accompanied by two armed soldiers, don Juan García de Algorta, a lieutenant of the corregidor (Crown-appointed administrative and judicial official) of Pisco, arrived at the home of Juana Morales and her husband Feliciano
* Brendan J. M. Weaver [email protected] Lizette A. Muñoz [email protected] Karen Durand [email protected]
1
Stanford Archaeology Center, Building 500, 488 Escondido Mall, Stanford, CA 94305-2170, USA
2
Department of Anthropology, University of Pittsburgh, 3302 WWPH, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
3
Proyecto Arqueológico Haciendas de Nasca, Urbanización Progreso, Distrito de Wanchaq, Distrito de Wanchaq, Avenida Tupac Amaru H-13-A, Cusco, Peru
International Journal of Historical Archaeology
Coronado (AGN 1767:ff.2r-9v). Morales was a free black woman and her husband, Coronado, was the caporal principal, or chief slave, of the former Jesuit estate San Joseph de la Nasca (ANC 1767a:f.275v). García had been ordered to forcibly remove Morales and 18 other free blacks residing on the lands of the expropriated wine- and brandy-producing haciendas of San Xavier and San Joseph, acting on the orders of Augustín de Salazar y Muñatones, the Count of Monteblanco. The Count served as the Superintendent General of Temporalidades in Ica, the bureaucratic body charged with the administration of Crown properties expropriated from the Jesuits during the expulsion of the order from the Viceroyalty of Peru only months earlier (see SaenzRico Urbina 1967:323–394). The expelled residents were to be compelled to move a distance of fifty leagues, more than 270 km. This would force these freepersons to resettle as far north on the coast as San Vicente de Cañete or as far south as the lower Ocoña River Valley, from which they were never again permitted to return to visit family and friends left behind on the former Jesuit estates in the Ingenio Valley. The Crown administration made the argument that the free blacks, some of whom were employed on the estates, may have
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