Supramolecular functionalization of single-walled carbon nanotubes with poly(2,5-dihexyl-1,4-phenylene-alt-2-amino-4,6-p
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The conjugated polymer poly(2,5-dihexyl-1,4-phenylene-alt-2-amino-4,6-pyrimidine) was synthesized and used in the supramolecular functionalization of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). It was found that this polymer can form strong supramolecular polymer–nanotube assembly and produce a stable composite in solution. The resulting polymerized nanotubes were analyzed by UV–Vis absorption and emission spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the noncovalent functionalization did not damage the nanotube structure. The polymer content in the polymer–nanotube composite could be calculated to be 41% by thermogravimetry analysis. The composite exhibited certain solubility in dimethylacetamide (DMAc), where the solubility in the absence of excess free polymer solution is 78.7 mg L1. The composite exhibited a conductivity of 0.005 S cm1 and the anodic and cathodic peaks were observed at 0.47 and 0.37 V. Galvanostatical charge/discharge tests give good cycling behavior of maintaining a stable capacitance value of 66.7 F g1 over 1000 cycles at a current load of 1 mA cm2 without distinct drop.
I. INTRODUCTION
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) have continued to attract wide attention due to their extraordinary mechanical, electronic, and optical properties.1,2 Their unique structure, remarkable thermal, electrical conductivity and high mechanical strength make SWNTs viable candidates for a wide range of electrical applications.3–9 Unfortunately, pristine SWNTs are insoluble in all solvents, consequently, they are difficult to process, which hinder the widespread application of these novel nanostructures.10–13 Therefore, much research has been devoted to overcoming this problem and a great deal of research has been focused on functionalization of SWNTs, mainly to enhance their solubility and solution phase processability.1,14,15 Considering that chemical functionalization of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) dramatically improves their solubility in a variety of solvents, significant effort has been reported in the development of functionalization strategies, which involves both covalent and supramolecular approaches.12,16,17
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Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected] DOI: 10.1557/jmr.2014.318 J. Mater. Res., 2014
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Previously, there were certain reports about an alternative strategy for functionalization of SWNTs which involves the self-assembly of appropriately functionalized nanotubes on prepatterned surfaces and it could be found that the prepatterning can include the deposition of amine groups (known to induce binding of oxidatively purified nanotubes through acid–base chemistry) by microcontact printing (MCP), dip-pen nanolithography (DPN), and electron beam lithography or by surface charging using an atomic force microscope (AFM).12,16,17 Likewise, patterning of biomolecules, such as DNA, has been shown to produce the self-assembly of nanotubes in patterns or
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