Surface Waves in a Collisional Quark-Gluon Plasma
- PDF / 442,897 Bytes
- 6 Pages / 612 x 792 pts (letter) Page_size
- 25 Downloads / 178 Views
HYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND ATOMIC NUCLEI. THEORY
Surface Waves in a Collisional Quark-Gluon Plasma K. Baiseitova, *, Z. A. Moldabekova, D. Blaschkeb, c, d, N. Djienbekova, and T. S. Ramazanova aInstitute b
for Experimental and Theoretical Physics, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, 050040 Kazakhstan Bogoliubov Laboratory for Theoretical Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141980 Russia c Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, 50-204 Poland dNational Research Nuclear University (MEPhI), Moscow, 115409 Russia *e-mail: [email protected] Received January 24, 2020; revised March 13, 2020; accepted March 15, 2020
Abstract—Surface waves propagating in the semi-bounded collisional hot QCD medium (quark-gluon plasma) are considered. To investigate the effect of collisions as damping and non-ideality factor, the longitudinal and transverse dielectric functions of the quark-gluon plasma are used within the Bhatnagar–Gross– Krook (BGK) approach. The results were obtained both analytically and numerically in the long wavelength limit. First of all, collisions lead to smaller values of surface wave frequency and their stronger damping. Secondly, the results show that non-ideality leads to the appearance of a new branch of surface waves compared to the collisionless case. The relevance of the surface excitations (waves) for the QGP realized in experiments is discussed. DOI: 10.1134/S1547477120060035
1. INTRODUCTION The quark-gluon plasma (QGP) is believed to be the state of matter in early universe, until 10−5 s after the Big Bang the hadronization of the QGP sets in. This fact motivated people to execute experimental research with ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions (HIC) at the super-proton synchrotron (SPS) and large hadron collider (LHC) of CERN Geneva and at the relativistic heavy-ion collider (RHIC) of the Brookhaven National Laboratory, where the temporary formation of a strongly coupled QGP state has been detected. Quarks are building blocks of matter. Under ordinary conditions, they are strictly confined inside hadrons. Nevertheless, according to QCD as the fundamental gauge theory of strong interactions, quarks can be considered asymptotically free at high momenta (short distances). Such a state, when interactions among quarks and gluons can be considered sufficiently weak so that perturbation theory is applicable can be achieved in deep inelastic scattering experiments. However, when hadronic matter is compressed to high densities of about ρ 1 fm–3 and heated to high temperatures, exceeding the pseudocritical temperature of Tc = 156.5 ± 1.5 MeV as it is determined in lattice QCD simulations [1] at vanishing baryon density, the QGP is in a strongly coupled plasma regime close to the hadronisation transition. For this reason, it is legitimate to consider in this regime collective effects in the QGP as a many-body system of quarks and gluons. Many-body processes in the strongly coupled
QGP manifest themselves by the occurrence of collective modes
Data Loading...
