Surgical and embryological perspective of a big loop of internal carotid artery extending laterally beyond internal jugu
- PDF / 878,752 Bytes
- 4 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 37 Downloads / 171 Views
ANATOMIC VARIATIONS
Surgical and embryological perspective of a big loop of internal carotid artery extending laterally beyond internal jugular vein Satheesha B. Nayak1 · Surekha D. Shetty1 Received: 28 July 2020 / Accepted: 5 November 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Knowledge of variations of the internal carotid artery is significant to surgeons and radiologists. The internal carotid artery normally runs a straight course in the neck. Its anomalies can lead to its iatrogenic injuries. We report a case of a large loop of the internal carotid artery in a male cadaver aged about 75 years. The common carotid artery terminated by dividing it into the external carotid artery and internal carotid arteries at the level of the upper border of the thyroid cartilage. From the level of origin, the internal carotid artery coursed upwards, backwards and laterally, and formed a large loop behind the internal jugular vein. The variation was found on the left side of the neck and was unilateral. The uncommon looping of the internal carotid artery might result in altered blood flow to the brain and may lead to misperceptions in surgical, imaging, and invasive procedures. Keywords Variation · Internal carotid artery · Loop · Internal jugular vein · Vascular surgery
Introduction The internal carotid artery (ICA) is the larger terminal branch of the common carotid artery (CCA), originates at the level of the upper border of the lamina of the thyroid cartilage. It ascends vertically in the carotid sheath and at the base of the skull enters the carotid canal. It passes through the cavernous sinus in the cranial cavity and later divides into anterior and middle cerebral arteries at the base of the brain. The ICA is the major artery of the brain, eye, and internal ear [27]. The ICA has a straight course in the neck. It can be straight, curved, or angled [2]. The ICA is the principal source of blood supply to the brain. Its reported variations include coiling, looping, kinking or tortuosities, which may cause significant neurovascular problems due to changes in the dynamics of blood flow. The tortuous course of the ICA in the neck has a high chance of being injured during head and neck surgeries. Tortuosity, kinking, and looping of the internal carotid artery has been well recognized for many years. Anatomists have described * Surekha D. Shetty [email protected] 1
Department of Anatomy, Melaka Manipal Medical College (Manipal Campus), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Madhav Nagar, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
this artery as being remarkable for the number of curvatures in its course. Looping of ICA was mentioned as pulsatile swelling in the neck by Coulson [8]. Otolaryngologists have been concerned about looped ICA, because it can be damaged during tonsillectomy or adenoidectomy may lead to fatal haemorrhage [12]. Any anatomical variations of the carotid arteries could be secondary to embryological defects [24]. S or C-shaped elongations and tortuosities, kinkings, and loops of the ICA are thought to be conge
Data Loading...
