Survey of the Health of Urban Residents: a Community-Driven Assessment of Conditions Salient to the Health of Historical
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Survey of the Health of Urban Residents: a Community-Driven Assessment of Conditions Salient to the Health of Historically Excluded Populations in the USA Sirry Alang 1 & Cynthia Pando 1,2 & Malcolm McClain 1,3 & Hasshan Batts 1,4 & Abby Letcher 5,6 & Janelle Hager 6 & Taylor Person 4 & Adama Shaw 1,7 & Kwamaine Blake 4 & Kevelis Matthews-Alvarado 1 Received: 3 July 2020 / Revised: 13 August 2020 / Accepted: 17 August 2020 # W. Montague Cobb-NMA Health Institute 2020
Abstract Background Data from the Survey of the Health of Urban Residents (SHUR) identified connections between police brutality and medical mistrust, generating significant media, policy, and research attention. Amidst intersecting crises of COVID-19, racism, and police brutality, this report describes survey development and data collection procedures for the SHUR. Basic Procedures We conducted focus groups with Black men, Latinxs, and immigrants in Allentown, Pennsylvania. Findings were used to develop and refine measures of conditions salient to the health of urban residents across the country. Quota sampling was employed; oversampling people of color and persons whose usual source of care was not a doctor’s office. Main Findings Non-Hispanic Whites made up just under two thirds of the sample (63.65%, n = 2793). Black/African American respondents accounted for 14.2% of the sample (n = 623), while 11.62% (n = 510) were Latinx. Only 43.46% of respondents reported a doctor’s office as their usual source of care. Novel measures of population-specific stressors include a range of negative encounters with the police, frequency of these encounters, and respondents’ assessments of whether the encounters were necessary. SHUR assessed the likelihood of calling the police if there is a problem, worries about incarceration, and cause-specific stressors such as race-related impression management. Principal Conclusions SHUR (n = 4389) is a useful resource for researchers seeking to address the health implications of experiences not frequently measured by national health surveillance surveys. It includes respondents’ zip codes, presenting the opportunity to connect these data with zip code-level health system, social and economic characteristics that shape health beyond individual factors. Keywords SHUR data . Community-engaged health survey . Social conditions and health . Police brutality . Urban health
* Sirry Alang [email protected] 1
Department of Sociology and Program in Health Medicine and Society, Lehigh University, 31 Williams Drive #280, Bethlehem, PA, USA
2
University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
3
Greater Newark Conservancy, Newark, NJ, USA
4
Promise Neighborhoods of the Lehigh Valley, Allentown, PA, USA
5
Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown, PA, USA
6
Neighborhood Health Centers of the Lehigh Valley, Allentown, PA, USA
7
Digestive Care, Inc., Bethlehem, PA, USA
One of several overarching goals of the Healthy People 2030 initiative is to create conditions that promote health and wellbeing for all [1]. T
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