Survey on physical layer security for 5G wireless networks
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Survey on physical layer security for 5G wireless networks 1 ´ Jose´ David Vega Sanchez
· Luis Urquiza-Aguiar1 · Martha Cecilia Paredes Paredes1 · Diana Pamela Moya Osorio2
Received: 21 February 2020 / Accepted: 10 August 2020 © Institut Mines-T´el´ecom and Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Physical layer security is a promising approach that can benefit traditional encryption methods. The idea of physical layer security is to take advantage of the propagation medium’s features and impairments to ensure secure communication in the physical layer. This work introduces a comprehensive review of the main information-theoretic metrics used to measure the secrecy performance in physical layer security. Furthermore, a theoretical framework related to the most commonly used physical layer security techniques to improve secrecy performance is provided. Finally, our work surveys physical layer security research over several enabling 5G technologies, such as massive multiple-input multiple-output, millimeterwave communications, heterogeneous networks, non-orthogonal multiple access, and full-duplex. We also include the key concepts of each of the technologies mentioned above. Also identified are future fields of research and technical challenges of physical layer security. Keywords 5G systems · Full-duplex · Heterogeneous networks · Massive MIMO · Millimeter-wave · Non-orthogonal multiple access · Physical layer security techniques
1 Introduction The increasing demands for wireless applications and the rapid growth of connected users have saturated the capacity of current wireless communication systems. These fundamental problems motivate researchers and network designers to provide novel solutions that guarantee ultra-high data rates, ultra-wide radio coverage, a massive number of efficiently connected devices, ultra-low latency, and efficient
Jos´e David Vega S´anchez
[email protected] Luis Urquiza-Aguiar [email protected] Martha Cecilia Paredes Paredes [email protected] Diana Pamela Moya Osorio [email protected] 1
Departamento de Electr´onica, Telecomunicaciones y Redes de Informaci´on, Escuela Polit´ecnica Nacional (EPN), Quito, 170525, Ecuador
2
Centre for Wireless Communications (CWC), University of Oulu, Oulu, 90014, Finland
energy consumption. In this sense, the fifth generation of wireless networks (5G) foresees great advances in solutions that satisfy these stringent requirements by employing intelligent and efficient technologies [1]. Accordingly, 5G must be prepared to tackle major challenges concerning the reliability, security, and efficiency of the network. Specifically, the security paradigm protecting the confidentiality of wireless communication is one of the core problems to be considered in 5G networks [2]. Due to the propagation medium’s broadcast nature, wireless transmissions are exposed to both jamming and eavesdropping attacks. The former, also known as a denial of service (DoS) is a usual attack against security in the physical layer of wireless netw
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