Sustainable approach to energy rating system for residential buildings
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Sustainable approach to energy rating system for residential buildings Shakila Pathirana1 · Rangika Halwatura2 · Asanka Rodrigo3 Received: 30 March 2020 / Accepted: 3 July 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Energy rating system can be considered as a key policy instrument that will assist government to reduce energy consumption. Existing rating systems in the world only considered limited factors related to energy consumption, and to provide more accurate rating system, it is proposed that a more sustainable energy rating system should be developed considering all the criteria. This study was aimed at identifying the existing rating systems, which investigate the existing systems, to identify the parameters required for determining the energy performance of residential buildings, and to develop a model for calculating the energy score for residential buildings in tropical climates, and Sri Lanka was selected for case study. The research followed the concept of sustainable energy which comprise of both energy efficiency and renewable energy. The energy efficiency of a residential building needs to consider the energy efficiency due to building properties and energy efficiency of the occupants. To evaluate the energy efficiency of the building properties, the asset rating method was used where the building is modelled and the energy consumption for thermal comfort and lighting is calculated. When developing the occupancy behaviour rate, the average domestic energy consumption in Sri Lanka was used as a reference, without normalising. For the energy source rate, a sustainability index was used, and based on the percentage of contribution of the energy sources to the final energy use, the final energy source rate was determined. Keywords Energy rating · Energy labelling · Building energy performance · Consumer behaviour · Energy sources
Introduction Energy consumption in the world is rapidly increasing day by day mainly due to the population growth and the increase in the per capita energy consumption (Pilehvar 2019). The energy consumption increase is almost stagnated in OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) countries; however, in non-OECD countries, the energy consumption increase is significant. The consumption increase can lead to various environmental and social issues as still a significant proportion of the electricity generation is done using non-renewable fossil fuel. The global climate change, * Shakila Pathirana [email protected] 1
Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, National Engineering Research and Development Center, Ja‑Ela, Sri Lanka
2
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Moratuwa, Katubedda, Moratuwa, Sri Lanka
3
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Moratuwa, Katubedda, Moratuwa, Sri Lanka
depletion of fossil fuel, and CO2 emission increase have created great interest in energy efficiency in various sectors including the construction industry (Sengupta et al. 2018). Energy represents
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