Sustainable Biotechnology- Enzymatic Resources of Renewable Energy
Nature offers abundant renewable resources that can be used to partially replace fossil fuels and commodity chemicals but issues of cost, technology readiness levels, and compatibility with existing distribution networks remain huge challenges. Cellulosic
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Sustainable BiotechnologyEnzymatic Resources of Renewable Energy
Sustainable Biotechnology- Enzymatic Resources of Renewable Energy
Om V. Singh Anuj K. Chandel •
Editors
Sustainable BiotechnologyEnzymatic Resources of Renewable Energy
123
Editors Om V. Singh Division of Biological and Health Science University of Pittsburgh Bradford, PA, USA
Anuj K. Chandel Department of Biotechnology University of São Paulo Lorena, São Paulo, Brazil
and Technology Science Group, Inc. Washington, DC, USA
ISBN 978-3-319-95479-0 ISBN 978-3-319-95480-6 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95480-6
(eBook)
Library of Congress Control Number: 2018948599 © Springer International Publishing AG 2018 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
Foreword
Even with greater efforts from developed and developing nations, it seems unlikely to resolve the issues involving with atmospheric CO2 levels. The effects of this issue are affecting the climate, the adoption of global conservation measure, and the stabilization of fossil fuel prices. It is still a certainty that global oil and gas supplies will be largely depleted in a matter of decades. However, nature provides abundant renewable resources that can be used to replace fossil fuels, if not completely but at least to some extent. However, major issues remain at the forefront such as cost, technology readiness levels, and compatibility with existing distribution networks. In current scenario, the cellulosic fuel remains unsuccessful to reduce societal independence from fossil fuel. There is a need to continue to bridge the technology gap and focus on the critical aspects of lignocellulosic biomolecules conversion. In addition, the value-added products of indust
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