Sustainable Land Use in Mountainous Regions of Southeast Asia Meetin

Mountainous regions are vitally important ecosystems. They are an important storage of fresh water and energy, a rich source of biodiversity and a significant provider of food for the people living there. They are ecologically highly variable, complex and

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Heidhues, L. Herrmann, A. Neef, S. Neidhart, J. Pape, P. Sruamsiri, D. C. Thu, A. Valle Zárate (Eds.)

Sustainable Land Use in Mountainous Regions of Southeast Asia Meeting the Challenges of Ecological, Socio-Economic and Cultural Diversity

With 78 Figures

EDITORS: PROF. DR. FRANZ HEIDHUES DR. LUDGER HERRMANN DR. ANDREAS NEEF DR. SYBILLE NEIDHART DR. JENS PAPE PROF. DR. VALLE ZÁRATE UNIVERSITY OF HOHENHEIM THE UPLANDS PROGRAM (SFB 564) 70593 STUTTGART GERMANY E-mail: [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

ASSOC. PROF. DR. PITTAYA SRUAMSIRI CHIANG MAI UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF HORTICULTURE CHIANG MAI 50200 THAILAND E-mail: [email protected]

ASSOC. PROF. DR. DAO CHAO THU HANOI AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY GIA LAM HANOI VIETNAM E-mail: [email protected]

ISSN 1863-5520 ISBN 10 3-540-71221-6 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York ISBN 13 978-3-540-71221-3 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2007921990 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. Springer is a part of Springer Science+Business Media springeronline.com © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007 The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover design: deblik, Berlin Production: A. Oelschläger Typesetting: Camera-ready by the Editors Printed on acid-free paper 30/2132/AO 543210

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Preface Mountainous regions are vitally important ecosystems. They are an important storage of fresh water and energy, a rich source of biodiversity and a significant provider of food for the people living there. They are ecologically highly variable, complex and vulnerable and ethnically, socio-culturally and economically extremely heterogeneous. At the same time they are under severe and increasing pressures caused by higher population growth, inmigration, resource exploitation and rising demands and expectations. They also account for a major share of poverty and food insecurity in rural areas. Given their importance, complexity and vulnerability mountainous regions pose a demanding and new challenge for agricultural research, particularly for research that is addressing environmental sustainability, poverty and food insecurity. The University of Hohenheim’s long-term research p