Sustainable Well-Being Subjective Indicators: Human Interdependence with Other Humans and with the Environment
The intention of this study is to assess the theories and current approaches to well-being and sustainability to help identify the dimensions and influencing factors for sustainable well-being for Malaysia. Problem: Studies on the subjective measure of su
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Sustainable Well-Being Subjective Indicators: Human Interdependence with Other Humans and with the Environment Aisyah Abu Bakar, Mariana Mohamed Osman, Syahriah Bachok, and Mansor Ibrahim
Abstract The intention of this study is to assess the theories and current approaches to well-being and sustainability to help identify the dimensions and influencing factors for sustainable well-being for Malaysia. Problem: Studies on the subjective measure of sustainable well-being exhibit high attention to human interdependence with other humans (HIH) and human interdependence with the environment (HIE). However, a conclusive study concerning the dimensions and influencing factors that determine the interdependencies is lacking. Approach: An exploratory review was adopted to identify the dimensions and influencing factors of HIH and HIE. Findings: The study discovered that both HIH and HIE have four dimensions each. The dimensions for HIH are (i) personal empowerment, (ii) positive relations, (iii) organisational opportunity and (iv) community development. The dimensions for HIE are (v) individual personality, (vi) interaction with nature, (vii) environmental attitude and (viii) external conditions. Limitation: The full reliance on literatures is the weakness of the paper. An empirical study is needed to prove the applicability of the dimensions and influencing factors discovered. Significance: The key findings of HIH and HIE are practical for research exploration in Eastern Muslim and developing countries, such as Malaysia.
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Introduction
This chapter is an exploratory review to identify a theoretical framework for the subjective measures of sustainable well-being. It is part of ongoing research to determine the variables for sustainable well-being for Malaysia at the local scale. Sustainable well-being in its simplest terms means to pursue well-being without A.A. Bakar (*) • M.M. Osman • S. Bachok • M. Ibrahim International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2018 B. McLellan (ed.), Sustainable Future for Human Security, DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-5433-4_21
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compromising the abilities of others to pursue their well-being (Kajikawa 2008; Kjell 2011; O’Brien 2008). The term ‘others’ refers to all living and resourceful beings. ‘Others’ is recognised as humans and the environment. The variables of sustainable well-being are manifested in human interdependence with other humans and human interdependence with the environment(Kjell 2011). The term ‘interdependence’ refers to mutual reliance between two groups, which in case (i) is between humans and other humans and in case (ii) between humans and the environment. The variables are practical for national and international use for measuring the readiness and the extent of effort of everyday practices towards sustainable well-being at the local scale. In terms of identifying suitable measures for Malaysia, t
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