Sweat Gland Regeneration: Basic Scientific Problems and Possible Technical Approaches
The term ‘sweat gland regeneration’ refers to a new and expanding field in regenerative medicine research that focuses on the development of innovative therapies allowing the body to replace, restore and regenerate damaged or diseased sweat gland cells an
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Abstract The term ‘sweat gland regeneration’ refers to a new and expanding field in regenerative medicine research that focuses on the development of innovative therapies allowing the body to replace, restore and regenerate damaged or diseased sweat gland cells and tissues. It combines basic scientific theory and technological approaches including dedifferentiation, biomaterials, tissue engineering, stem cell transplantation and the reprogramming of cell and tissue types. Because of its importance for skin reconstitution in patients suffering from chronic wounds and extensive burns, sweat gland regeneration is becoming an rapidly developing field in regenerative medicine.
Keywords Sweat gland Regenerative medicine Stem cells Tissue engineering
With the usage of measures to prevent conflagration and improved treatment of burns, the occurrence rate of fire decreased and survival rate for serve burn patients in China is almost 100 %. However, these survivors face functional loss of skin because healing involves scar formation and the skin lacks skin appendages such as hair follicles, sweat glands and sebaceous glands. In humans, about 25 % of body heat is expended by perspiration through skin. Because of loss of sweat glands, burn survivors cannot sweat, which harms body temperature regulation. Thus, the functional recovery of wounded skin is a great challenge for physicians and medical scientists. Skin is one of the largest organs in human body and different kinds of tissue are involved in its development and repair. If we focus on the sweat gland, tissues of the different germ layers were involved, such as sweat gland cells come from the S. Huang X. Sun X. Fu (&) The College of Life Sciences, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Medical College, Beijing 100853, People’s Republic of China e-mail: [email protected] S. Cai C. Zhang Z. Sheng X. Fu The First Affiliated Hospital, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 51 Fu Cheng Road, Beijing 100048, People’s Republic of China © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2017 X. Fu and L. Liu (eds.), Advanced Trauma and Surgery, DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-2425-2_23
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ectodermal origin and their actions regulated with neuroendocrine. The repair and regeneration of sweat gland are very complicated biological progress. In recent years, we have been investigating the theory and technology of sweat-gland regeneration to help meet this need for sweat gland regeneration in burn patients. We have developed an innovative method to recover sweat function in transplanted skin. In addition, the innovative methods can be used to establish a new generation of tissue-engineered skin with sweat glands and treat some heritable skin diseases that lack the sweat function.
1 Dedifferentiation and Its Role in Stem Cells and Tissue Regeneration Firstly, what are the theories of sweat gland regeneration? As we know that stem cells are seed cells for tissue repair and regeneration, however, all adult stem cells can not became the target cells directly and should
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