Swelling and thermal behavior of a cross-linked polymer networks poly(2-phenoxyethyl acrylate): exploitation by the Voig
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Swelling and thermal behavior of a cross‑linked polymer networks poly(2‑phenoxyethyl acrylate): exploitation by the Voigt viscoelastic model Nouara Benmessaoud1 · Salah Hamri1,2 · Tewfik Bouchaour1 · Ulrich Maschke3 Received: 17 July 2019 / Revised: 14 November 2019 / Accepted: 27 November 2019 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract The response-ability to the external and internal environmental condition qualifies the smart polymer material to be successfully applied in artificial muscle, drug delivery and water treatment. A three-dimensional polymer network based on the phenyl monomer, 2-phenoxy ethyl acrylate (PEA), was polymerized under ultraviolet (UV) radiation using the Darocur 1173 as an initiator of the polymerization reaction, and the 1,6-hexane-diol diacrylate (HDDA) as a chemical cross-linker. The analysis of the thermophysical properties of this elaborated polymeric material represents the main goal of the present work. The infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and the dynamic scaling calorimetry (DSC) were used to examine, respectively, the vibration of the carbon double bond (C=C) and the glass transition temperature Tg. It is found that parameters, the rate of reticulation and monomer composition have a remarkable effect on the variation of Tg. The swelling behavior of the cross-linked poly(PEA/ HDDA) was investigated; the effects of solvent nature, the degree of cross-linking, temperature and chemical structure have a significant influence on material swelling properties. The theoretical investigation based, especially on the Voigt model, Flory–Rehner theory and solubility approximation, permits to give much information about several parameters such as the swelling time constant, swelling equilibrium constant, solubility prediction, entropy and enthalpy. It ended interestingly that the Voigt model shows a good agreement with swelling experimental results. Keywords Cross-linked network · UV photopolymerization · Glass transition temperature · Swelling · Voigt model
* Salah Hamri [email protected] Extended author information available on the last page of the article
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Polymer Bulletin
Introduction Intelligent material has a smart behavior toward the internal and external conditions such as temperature [1], pH of the medium [2], magnetic and electric field [3, 4]. The investigation of the intelligent comportment of such material was the principle motivation for many researchers and encourages them to invent mechanisms, techniques, experimental and theoretical tools [5, 6]. Among the experimental method, the swelling study permits to analyze the physical properties of substances [7, 8]. Material with swelling capacity can be used in numerous applications; in drug delivery, the polymer networks can be used to release a medicament after swelling in the stomach; pH in this application was considered as a stimulus [9]. In the oil and gas sector, swelling elastomers have been successfully deployed in zonal isolation where it is used to separate between
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