Swimming of Gyrotactic Microorganisms in Unsteady Flow of Eyring Powell Nanofluid with Variable Thermal Features: Some B
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Swimming of Gyrotactic Microorganisms in Unsteady Flow of Eyring Powell Nanofluid with Variable Thermal Features: Some Bio‑technology Applications Sami Ullah Khan1 · Hafiz Muhammad Ali2 Received: 29 April 2020 / Accepted: 10 September 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This investigation presents novel applications for bioconvection flow of non-Newtonian fluid with diverse flow features. The developed unsteady bio-nano-transport model is formulated under the influence of some novel features such as variable thermal conductivity, heat absorption/generation and activation energy. In contrast to typical investigations, the flow has been originated by accelerated porous plate which conferred the suction and injection phenomenon. The thermal aspects of magnetized nanoparticles are evaluated by employing prestigious Buongiorno’s model. The flow model is constituted via partial differential equations for which dimensionless form is availed before develop the analytical expressions. The convergent technique namely homotopy analysis procedure is followed to suggest the solution. The validation of solution has been done by comparing it with already reported investigations and finds an excellent accuracy. The rheological characteristics of Eyring Powell fluid and thermal features of nanoparticles against involved control parameters are explained through various graphs. The reported results may contribute effective role in enhancement of thermal processes, cooling phenomenon, bio-fuels etc. Keywords Activation energy · Eyring Powell fluid · Gyrotactic microorganisms · Variable thermal conductivity
* Hafiz Muhammad Ali [email protected] 1
Department of Mathematics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Sahiwal 57000, Pakistan
2
Mechancal Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
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159
Page 2 of 19
International Journal of Thermophysics
(2020) 41:159
1 Introduction Due to wide variety of applications in engineering, medical and biotechnology, the nanofluids has attracted the foremost attention of scientists to explore the various thermal aspects of these materials. Physically, nanofluids are constituted by addition of metal nanoparticles (1 nm to 100 nm diameter) to a base fluid (usually water). Now, the suspension of nanoparticles with base fluid exhibits enhanced thermophysical properties, higher heat and mass transfer values with reformed rheological parameters. Nanofluids are considered as suspension of tiny-sized nanoparticles in base fluids. The nanoparticles could be metals, oxides, carbides and carbon nanotubes. This whole shift in physico-thermo-chemical properties of fluid opens a gateway to solve many problems in the fields that operate obeying the laws of fluid dynamics. These fluid attributes are highly demanded in the fields of biotechnology, biofuels specifically microbial fuel cells, enzymes based biosensors, targeted drug delivery and chemotherapy. Many others fields such
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