Sympatric lineage divergence in cryptic Neotropical sweat bees (Hymenoptera: Halictidae: Lasioglossum )
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Sympatric lineage divergence in cryptic Neotropical sweat bees (Hymenoptera: Halictidae: Lasioglossum) Patricia Landaverde-González 1 & Humberto Moo-Valle 2 & Tomás E. Murray 1,3 & Robert J. Paxton 1,4 & José Javier G. Quezada-Euán 2 & Martin Husemann 1,5
Received: 15 February 2016 / Accepted: 4 October 2016 # Gesellschaft für Biologische Systematik 2016
Abstract Given ongoing biodiversity decline, an important concern is that a large fraction of species diversity is not yet documented. Correct delimitation of species remains a challenge, especially for small and morphologically uniform groups such as sweat bees (Halictidae). Here, we applied an integrative taxonomic approach to study diversity within the Neotropical sweat bee subgenus Dialictus (genus Lasioglossum). We used four statistical methods to delimit species based on cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene sequences: Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery (ABGD), two variants of the General Mixed Yule Coalescent (single-threshold (stGMYC) and Bayesian (bGMYC)) and the Refined Single Linkage analysis (RESL). We detected eight principal molecular operational taxonomic units (mOTUs). Subsequently, these lineages were evaluated using ten nuclear microsatellite loci and morphological and ecological analyses. Most mOTUs could be differentiated using microsatellites and morphology Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13127-016-0307-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Patricia Landaverde-González [email protected]
1
General Zoology, Institute for Biology, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Hoher Weg 8, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
2
Departamento de Apicultura Tropical, Campus Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Carretera Mérida-Xmatkuil Km. 15.5, C.P. 97100 Mérida, Mexico
3
National Biodiversity Data Centre, Waterford, Ireland
4
German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
5
Centrum für Naturkunde, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther King Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
(82 % identified correctly), further supporting the status of mOTUs as independent biological units. For the two most widespread mOTUs, we analysed intra-lineage geographic variation using microsatellites but did not detect additional substructuring. We further tested if the lineages showed predictable patterns of co-occurrence and habitat preferences. While we did not find any evidence of preferential association or disassociation between taxa, we detected a slight positive effect of high crop cover favouring the abundance of some lineages. We show that integrated approaches using statistical analysis of DNA barcodes jointly with additional data can provide robust and objective means of delimiting species in morphologically difficult groups. Keywords Biodiversity . Co-occurrence . DNA barcoding . Species delimitation . Yucatan Peninsula
Introduction In the face of g
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