Synthesis, adsorptive performances and photo-catalytic activity of graphene oxide/TiO 2 (GO/TiO 2 ) nanocomposite-based
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(2020) 5:21
ORIGINAL PAPER
Synthesis, adsorptive performances and photo‑catalytic activity of graphene oxide/TiO2 (GO/TiO2) nanocomposite‑based adsorbent Naveen Chandra Joshi1 · Raymond Congthak1 · Prateek Gururani2 Received: 11 August 2020 / Accepted: 7 September 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract In the recent past, nanocomposite materials have been successfully utilised in the remediation of inorganic and organic pollutants from contaminated water. The present work deals with synthesis, characterisations and adsorptive performances of graphene oxide/TiO2 (GO/TiO2) nanocomposite-based adsorbent. GO/TiO2 nanocomposite was utilised in the adsorption of Rhodamine B (RB), Cd(II) and Zn(II) ions from waste water. The synthesised nanocomposite was also used in the photocatalytic degradation of RB from dye-containing solutions. The adsorption study has been carried out utilising different adsorption parameters in our laboratory. P-XRD, FT-IR, FE-SEM and EDX methods were used in the characterisation of GO/ TiO2. Adsorption efficiency of RB, Cd(II) and Zn(II) ions was found to be 68.99%, 49.74% and 56.91% at 60 min, 58.91%, 36.85% and 59.49% at 60 °C and 81.38%, 90.99% and 99.09% at pH 6. Maximum adsorption capacities of GO/TiO2-based adsorbent have been evaluated using the Langmuir isotherm model for RB, Cd(II) and Zn(II) ions as 11.299, 14.326 and 11.326 mg/g, respectively. The maximum photo-degradation of RB was found to be 94.59% in the presence of GO/TiO2 nanocomposite under UV–visible radiations. Overall, adsorption experiments showed that the performances of GO/TiO 2 nanocomposite for all adsorbates have been found in the order RB > Zn(II) > Cd(II). Keywords GO/TiO2 · Synthesis · Characterisation · Adsorption · Photo-catalytic activity
Introduction Water contamination due to heavy metal ions and synthetic dyes has become a serious problem in the world [1, 2]. Many industrial sectors release Pb(II), Cr(VI), Cr(III), Cd(II), Hg(II), Cu(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) ions and methylene blue, Rhodamine B, brilliant green, congo red and crystal violet into the fresh and saline water [3–10]. Many of the above-mentioned heavy metal ions are harmful to all living organisms at very low concentrations [10, 11]. Heavy metals exist as traces, hazardous to the environment and living organisms. They create an ecological burden due to the difficulty to remove from fresh and saline water [2, 3, 11]. Dyes are released into the aquatic system through waste streams of textile, plastic, cosmetics, paper, drug, rubber and food * Naveen Chandra Joshi [email protected] 1
Department of Chemistry, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
Department of Food Technology, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
2
industries [12]. Many dyes and their metabolites have been recognised as toxic agents and carcinogens. They can also be toxic to some beneficial aquatic micro-organisms and reduce the availability of the sunlight to such organisms. Adsorption and other conventional methods have been used for the removal o
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