Synthesis and Characterization of CdS Nanoparticles via Cyclic Microwave from Cadmium Oxalate
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Synthesis and Characterization of CdS Nanoparticles via Cyclic Microwave from Cadmium Oxalate Masoud Salavati-Niasari • Sanaz Khoshroozi • Mohammad Sabet
Received: 27 March 2012 / Published online: 23 January 2013 Ó Springer Science+Business Media New York 2013
Abstract The present study reports synthesis and characterization of CdS nanoparticles prepared by cyclic microwave route with the use of [Cd(C2O4)3H2O] powder as a precursor. The products, with an average size *15 nm, were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis, thermogravimetric analysis, transmission electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Optical property of obtained product was investigated by photoluminescence spectroscopy. The prepared nanostructures displayed a very strong luminescence at 528 nm (2.34 eV) at room temperature. Keywords
CdS Nanoparticle Cadmium oxalate Microwave
Introduction Nanotechnology paved the way for preparation of new materials as well as for the modification of already existing ones to achieve new characteristics and properties not observed in average-size crystals [1–4]. Nanomaterials have attracted extensive interest because of their unique properties in various fields in comparison with their bulk counterparts [5–16]. CdS is one of the II–VI compounds having unique properties M. Salavati-Niasari (&) S. Khoshroozi Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, P.O. Box 87317-51167, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran e-mail: [email protected] M. Salavati-Niasari Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, P.O. Box 87317-51167, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran M. Sabet Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran
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[17, 18]. It has promising applications for light emitting diodes [19], solar cells [19], optoelectronics [20], catalysts [20], and others. There are different methods used to synthesize CdS such as solvothermal synthesis [19], hydrothermal process [20], Sonochemistry-assisted microwave [21, 22], microwave irradiation [23]. Among the products with the same phase, different morphologies such as nanowires [20], nanorods [20], nanoparticles [23], flower-like particles [24], and hexagonal and triangular plates [25] were obtained. Microwave-assisted synthesis is a very attractive process for producing a variety of materials [26, 27]. When microwave radiation is applied to chemicals, at least one of the components is capable of coupling with the radiation. It is able to promote the reaction rates, and consumes shorter reaction time, comparing to a conventional method. Temperature and concentration gradients are able to be solved by the vibration of microwave radiation. Due to a large amount of microwave energy focused onto solutions, the vibrating electric field applies a force on the charged particles to vibrate accordingly. The radiation can play the role in promoting
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