Synthesis and characterization of polymer nanocomposites from methyl acrylate and metal chloride and their application
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Synthesis and characterization of polymer nanocomposites from methyl acrylate and metal chloride and their application Zainab A. Abdul Latif1 · Ahmed Mishaal Mohammed1 · Nada M. Abbass2 Received: 30 May 2019 / Revised: 18 October 2019 / Accepted: 4 December 2019 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract This work involved the preparation of nanoparticles for Fe3O4 oxides with N iCl2 and V2O5SO4 by using ferric chloride as a mineral salt. X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), field emission scanning electronic microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry analysis and differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) analysis were performed. The efficiencies of NiO and V2O5 were measured for gas sensitivity and light detection, which were high in both analyses. AFM tests showed that different nanoparticles formed similar acrylate polymers to NiO and V2O5 with the diameters ranging from 72.12 to 88.12 nm. The XRD measurements showed the hexagonal shape of NiO, while the axon axes were observed for V 2O5 in SEM measurements. The image measurements showed different forms of polymer compositions. Moreover, the thermodynamic analysis indicated a thermal dissolution for both polymers and oxides prepared at extremely high temperatures. Finally, DSC tests identified the effect of polymer filled with oxide and its comparison with pure polymer. Keywords Polymer composites · Methyl acrylate · Gas sensor · XRD
Introduction Nanotechnology is the process occurring in connection with physics, chemistry, and biology [1, 2]. As defined by size, nanotechnology is also naturally extremely broad, thereby counting the diverse fields of science [3], such as organic chemistry, surface science, molecular biology, semiconductor physics [4, 5], micro-fabrication [6],
* Ahmed Mishaal Mohammed [email protected] 1
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University Of Anbar, Ramadi, Iraq
2
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
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and molecular engineering [7]. Nanosensors that detect gases are generally based on metal oxides or conducting particles. Conducting polymer nanocomposites (i.e., conducting particles embedded into an insulating polymer matrix) can quantify and/or identify microorganisms on the basis of their gas emissions and are also extremely important because of their electrical, electronic, magnetic and optical properties, which are related to their conjugated π electron backbones [8–10]. Polymer nanocomposites containing surface-engineered metal oxides continuously offer new opportunities to enhance desired properties or functionalities, such as optical transparency, ductility, flexibility, and molecular mobility [11]. To prevent the agglomeration of these inorganic metal oxides in organic polymer matrix, researchers adopted various functional methods, including the use of surfactants [12] and silane coupli
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