Synthesis and study of structural, optical, and electrical properties of nontoxic and earth-abundant Na 2 ZnSnS 4 materi
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Synthesis and study of structural, optical, and electrical properties of nontoxic and earth-abundant Na2ZnSnS4 material G. Bousselmi1,* , Naoufel Khemiri1, A. Benali2,3,4, M. P. F. Graca3, R. F. Santos4, B. F. O. Costa5, and M. Kanzari1,6 1
Laboratoire de Photovoltaïque et Matériaux Semi-conducteurs, Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, 1002 Tunis, Tunisia 2 Laboratoire de Physique Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Sfax, B.P. 1171, 3000 Sfax, Tunisia 3 I3N and Physics Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal 4 CFisUC, Physics Department, University of Coimbra, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal 5 CEMUC, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal 6 Laboratoire de Photovoltaïque et Matériaux Semi-conducteurs-ENIT, IPEITunis Montfleury, Université de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
Received: 29 April 2020
ABSTRACT
Accepted: 4 September 2020
In this work, we report the structural, electrical, and optical properties of nontoxic and earth-abundant Na2ZnSnS4 (NZTS) material. NZTS powder has been successfully synthesized using an easy and nontoxic pathway: the solid-state reaction technique. X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy were used to study the structural properties of the NZTS. The synthesized powder crystallized in the stannite tetragonal structure with ˚ and c = 9.12 A ˚ . XRD and Raman characterizations lattice parameters a = 6.48 A showed the occurrence of the secondary phase Na4SnS4. Optical bandgap measurements were obtained from UV–Visible analysis and showed a high optical bandgap value of 3.32 eV and confirmed the presence of Na4SnS4. TEM micrographs provide a description of the morphology of NZTS. The HRTEM images reflect a preferred orientation along the {112} plane, which is consistent with the X-ray diffraction pattern. EDS analysis confirmed the presence of the four constituent elements of the NZTS within their corresponding composition. NZTS powder indicates a conductivity type n. A study of electrical conductivity was carried out by using the impedance spectroscopy. The frequency and temperature dependence of the complex electrical impedance and AC and DC conductivity were explored. These interesting results make the NZTS particularly attractive for solar cell applications and especially suitable as a window layer.
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-020-04424-1
J Mater Sci: Mater Electron
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