Synthesis of Biodegradable Grafted Copolymers of Gelatin and Polymethyl Methacrylate
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hesis of Biodegradable Grafted Copolymers of Gelatin and Polymethyl Methacrylate Yu. L. Kuznetsovaa, E. A. Morozovaa, A. S. Vavilovaa, A. V. Markina, O. N. Smirnovaa, N. S. Zakharychevaa, D. V. Lyakaeva, and L. L. Semenychevaa, * aLobachevsky
National Research Nizhny Novgorod State University, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950 Russia *e-mail: [email protected] Received April 23, 2019; revised June 4, 2019; accepted August 28, 2019
Abstract—Grafted copolymers of gelatin and polymethyl methacrylate are synthesized using the tributylboron–oxygen initiating system in an aqueous dispersion at 60°C. The products are characterized by IR spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography. The proportion of polymethyl methacrylate in the copolymer is 2–60% and increases with a higher concentration of alkylborane in the initial mixture. The particle size of the aqueous dispersions of the copolymers determined by dynamic light scattering exceeds the particle size of gelatin. The thermogravimetric curves of the copolymers are similar to those of gelatin, with thermal stability tending to increase with a higher concentration of tributylboron. All the copolymers are biodegradable by fungi. Keywords: gelatin, polymethyl methacrylate, tributylboron, radical polymerization, grafted copolymers, thermogravimetric analysis, biodegradation DOI: 10.1134/S1995421220040115
In recent years, a significant body of research has been focused on the creation of biodegradable polymers. The main feature of such polymers is their ability to maintain characteristics only during operation and then be easily destroyed under the influence of natural factors [1–5]. The use of hybrid materials based on natural and synthetic polymers makes it possible to obtain such polymers, as well as to reduce the consumption of nonrenewable natural resources. Materials based on collagen or its denaturation product, gelatin, find their application in the production of adhesives [6], protective coatings [7, 8], packaging materials [9], and biomedical products (scaffolds) [10–15]. Published works describe a method for producing hybrid materials based on collagen or gelatin through radical copolymerization using conventional radical initiators such as azobisisobutyronitrile [10, 14], benzoyl peroxide [13], ammonium persulfate [9, 15], and Fenton’s reagent [11], as well as organometallic compounds—in particular, trialkylboranes [16]. The aim of this work is to synthesize a stable, readily biodegradable gelatin-grafted copolymer of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) in the presence of various concentrations of tributylboron (TBB), determine the molecular weight characteristics and composition of the copolymer, carry out thermogravimetric analysis of the obtained copolymers, and investigate how microscopic fungi affect this copolymer.
Organic solvents and methyl methacrylate (MMA) were purified by conventional methods. TBB was obtained according to the procedure of [17]. The copolymerization was carried out in a flask containing 30 mL of a 1% aqueous solution of gelatin, 3 mL of MMA, and a p
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