Synthesis of nano-silica-coated biochar from thermal conversion of sawdust and its application for Cr removal: kinetic m
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Synthesis of nano-silica-coated biochar from thermal conversion of sawdust and its application for Cr removal: kinetic modelling using linear and nonlinear method and modelling using artificial neural network analysis Vijoyeta Chakraborty 1 & Papita Das 2,3 Received: 26 August 2020 / Revised: 12 September 2020 / Accepted: 16 September 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In this study, sawdust-based nanocomposite was synthesized from sawdust biochar and surface coating of the biochar was done using silica nanoparticles. Removal of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) was studied using the synthesized nanocomposite. The adsorption capacity of the coated biochar was found as 88.2 mg/g for chromium removal. The mechanism of adsorption process was estimated using both adsorption isotherm and kinetic models. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model was capable of showing the possible mechanism behind the adsorption process. Linear and nonlinear pseudo-second-order model was analysed and the result was compared and error analysis of this study with experimental results was done using correlation coefficient (r2) and chi-square (χ2) test. With higher r2 and low χ2value 0.999 and 0.2947, respectively, the nonlinear form of pseudo-secondorder kinetic model was able to describe the adsorption process more successfully than the linear form. Category 1 of the linear form was a good approximation with nonlinear analysis. The ANN model was also developed and the model was validated with the experimental study. Keywords Hexavalent chromium . Nanocomposite . Kinetics study . Linear modelling . Nonlinear modelling . ANN modelling
1 Introduction Water pollution is a major concern in now a day, with firstly growing population; demand for clean drinking water is increasing. The rapid increase in population demands many other necessary products to sustain their life also, which is the major cause for rapid industrialisation. The industrialisation on the one hand helped the population by providing them with their daily necessary goods, and on the other hand, the wastes generated from these industries are a growing concern for the environment. The waste disposal techniques were improvised
* Papita Das [email protected] 1
School of Water Resources Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
2
Department of Chemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
3
School of Advanced Studies in Industrial Pollution Control Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
to treat the toxic pollutant before discharging the waste into the nearest water body. The wastes generated from these industries are very harmful to humans and other living organisms. They are not only toxic but are carcinogenic also. Among all the pollutants discharged from the waste stream, heavy metals are one of the main constituents of the polluted water. They are used in a variety of industries. One of the toxic heavy metals used in many industries is hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) [12]. Cr(VI)
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