Synthesis of Urethane-Type Polymers with Polydimethylsiloxane Blocks for the Manufacture of Fibrous Matrices by Electros
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CAL POLYMERS
Synthesis of Urethane-Type Polymers with Polydimethylsiloxane Blocks for the Manufacture of Fibrous Matrices by Electrospinning I. K. Shundrinaa,*, I. V. Oleinika, V. I. Pastukhova, L. A. Shundrina, V. S. Chernonosovab, and P. P. Laktionovb a
Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia b Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia * e-mail: [email protected] Received December 2, 2019; revised February 28, 2020; accepted March 12, 2020
Abstract—A series of polyurethanes, polyureas, and poly(urethane ureas) with flexible blocks based on α,ωbis(hydroxyalkyl)polydimethylsiloxane and α,ω-bis(aminopropyl)polydimethylsiloxane with molecular weights (5.6 and 0.9) × 103, respectively, is synthesized to obtain artificial vessels by electrospinning. The structure and properties of the polymers are characterized by gel permeation chromatography, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetry, and dynamic mechanical analysis. It is found that polydimethylsiloxane segments in the polymer structure form their phase with a glass transition temperature characteristic of polydimethylsiloxane. The features of fiber spinning from solutions of the synthesized elastomers are studied. It is shown that the storage modulus of the polymers has a great influence on the morphology of the presented fibers. DOI: 10.1134/S1560090420040090
Modern manufacturing technologies for threedimensional structures, such as electrospinning and 3D printing [1–3], make it possible to fundamentally change approaches to the creation of bioprostheses, which should correspond to the prosthetic tissues in terms of mechanical properties and be biologically compatible. Using electrospinning, matrices can be easily and reproducibly manufactured from synthetic and natural polymers with different mechanical properties and unequal porosity, and tubes—vascular prostheses—can be easily formed by laying fibers on a cylindrical collector electrode [4–7]. Vascular prostheses can be made of biologically inert or biodegradable materials [8–10]. Matrices can be manufactured by electrospinning using various synthetic and natural polymers: nylon, polyoxyethylene, polycaprolactam, polylactides, polyglycolides, polyurethanes, chitosans, and proteins [11–13]. However, not all existing products meet the requirements for them. In particular, small-diameter vascular prostheses do not provide long-term patency and require a fundamental improvement in mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and hemocompatibility. The most promising for the manufacture of smalldiameter vascular prostheses are polyurethane elastomers with sufficient strength and elasticity and high biocompatibility [14, 15]. However, under in vivo conditions, polyurethanes are prone to biodegradation
due to hydrolysis and oxidation reactions [16]. In the last one or two decades, a set of polyurethanes more stable to hydrolysis appeared, which d
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